Cell Organelle Functions Flashcards
Cell Wall
A rigid layer of non living material that surrounds a plant cell
Supports and protects the cell
Only found in plant cells
Cell membrane
The outermost living layer in cells
Helps give shape and support to the cell
Permeable layer
Regulates transport of materials in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm
The liquid, jelly-like contents of the cell outside of the nucleus
Provides support of the cell and its organelles
Living matter
Nucleus
Controls all of the cell activities
Contains chromosomes which carry all of the genetic information for the cell
Chromosomes
Composed of proteins and DNA (genetic material)
Genes that determine individual traits are located on the chromosomes
DNA
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Genetic information
stored in the nucleus of a cell
The “instruction manual” for the cell
Mitochondria
Power house of cell
Place where nutrient molecules are Broken down to release energy
More energy need by a cell more mitochondria it is likely to have
Ribosomes
Tiny knoblike particles in cells that manufacture (make proteins)
Many are attached to the end opals is reticulum
The proteins made by the ribosomes travel to other parts of cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Series of interconnected passageways
Located around nucleus
Serves as transportation and communication network between the cytoplasm and the nucleus
Golgi bodies
Flattened, curved sacs that package, sort, and distribute proteins to the proper locations inside and out of the cell
Located near the endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
Sacs formed from Golgi bodies
Contains digestive enzymes that break down nutrients
Breaks down damaged cell parts
Vacuoles
Membrane enclosed sacs in plant AND animal cells that store food, water, and minerals.
● Plant cells have large vacuole(s).
Animal cells have smaller vacuoles
Chloroplasts
● Structures in plant cells that contain chlorophyll.
● Chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis to make glucose for plant
