Cell Met 2

Question 1

What are the 5 main classes of lipids?

Answer 1

Free fatty acids 
Triacylglycerols 
Phospholipids 
Glycolipids 
Steroids 

Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated (contain C=C bond)
Triacylglycerols are for fatty acid storage

Question 2

What are the two routes to producing Acetyl CoA and where do these reactions take place?

Answer 2

Acetyl CoA is generated from glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the mitochondria.

The mitochondria is the location where most of the cellular oxidation reactions occur + also where most of the cellular ATP is made.

Question 3

What are the 3 primary sources of fats?

Answer 3

1. The diet
2. De novo biosynthesis (liver)
3. Storage depots in adipose

Question 4

Where are bile salts generated and stored?

During digestion where do bile salts pass into and from where? What is the function of bile salts?

What does a lack of bile salts result in?

Answer 4

Bile salts:

Generated - liver
Stored - gall bladder

During digestion: passes from bile duct into intestine

Function: emulsification of fats in the intestine, aiding the digestion and absorption of fats and also that of fat soluble vitamins e.g. A,D,E,K

lack of bile salts -> majority of fat passes through the gut undirected and unabsorbed —> steatorrhea (fatty stool)

Question 5

What is orlistat?

Answer 5

Orlistat/tetrahydrolipstatin = potent inhibitor of gastric and pancreatic lipases