cell membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

difference between carrier proteins and channel proteins

A

Channel proteins are pores which facilitate diffusion of large polar molecules from high to low conc. they open and close to control the échange if ions

Carrier proteins change shape of the inside to transport the molecule

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2
Q

How does active transport use carrier proteins

A

AT occurs from low to high conc
Energy required by ATP for carrier protein to chnage shape to transport the molecule
(ATP hydrolysed to release energy)

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3
Q

What are the two mononucleotides

A

DNA
RNA

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4
Q

Differences between DNA& RNA

A

Dna has Penrose sugar deoxyribose (oh)
RNA has Pentose sugar ribose (h)

RNA Is single stranded
DNA is double stranded

RNA has bases ACGU
DNA has bases ACGT

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5
Q

3 components of nucleotides

A

Penrose sugar ( deoxyribose or ribose )
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous bases

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6
Q

Which two bases are purine and why
Which are pyrimdine and why

A

Adenine and guanine - becuase they hage double ring structure

Thymine uracil and cytosine becuase they are single ring structures

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7
Q

How are polynucleotides formed

A

Condensation reactions occur between nucleotides. It occurs between the phosphate group of the below and Penrose sugar from the one above. An ester bond is formed. A condensation reactions between two nucleotides is called a phosphodiester bond. Results in a sugar phosphate backbone

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