cell membrane and transport review

Question 1

the ______ ______ model is used to describe the structure of the cell membrane

Answer 1

fluid mosaic

Question 2

a form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the cell by forming vesicles at the cell membrane

Answer 2

pinocytosis

Question 3

_______ transport via proteins requires no energy input

Answer 3

facilitated

Question 4

the ________ gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and into its cells

Answer 4

thyroid

Question 5

a membrane is said to be _________ permeable if it lets some things pass through it, but does not allow other things to pass

Answer 5

selectively

Question 6

the movement of a vacuole out of the cell

Answer 6

exocytosis

Question 7

a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

Answer 7

solution

Question 8

a type of endocytosis where larger substances are brought into the cell by forming vacuoles at the cell membrane

Answer 8

phagocytosis

Question 9

receptor-_________ endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken into the cell via vesicle formation

Answer 9

mediated

Question 10

if a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution ________ may occur

Answer 10

plasmolysis

Question 11

if an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution _________ may occur

Answer 11

crenation

Question 12

when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, ______ may occur

Answer 12

lysis

Question 13

carrier proteins are ________, meaning they only carry one type of particle

Answer 13

specific

Question 14

refers to a solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 14

hypotonic

Question 15

the substances that does the dissolving in a solution

Answer 15

solvent

Question 16

________ sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

Answer 16

smaller

Question 17

__________ proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

Answer 17

enzymatic

Question 18

________ proteins cause a change to the cell membrane when a specifically shaped molecule binds its binding site

Answer 18

carrier

Question 19

The diffusion rate can be increased by raising the _______ which in turn increases the speed at which particles are moving

Answer 19

temperature

Question 20

Active transport is able to move molecules ________ the concentration gradient

Answer 20

against

Question 21

when solutions on either side of a membrane are the same concentration, there is ____ net movement of water or solute across the membrane

Answer 21

no

Question 22

turgor pressure is important to plant cells because as their cells start to lose turgor pressure the plant will start to _____

Answer 22

wilt

Question 23

The substance that is being dissolved in a solution

Answer 23

solute

Question 24

a ________ protein uses ATP to change shape to move molecules across the cell membrane

Answer 24

carrier

Question 25

this is a special type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving

Answer 25

osmosis

Question 26

“ water fearing” - molecules which do not mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 26

hydrophobic

Question 27

refers to a solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution

Answer 27

 isotonic

Question 28

 a ___________ protein only passes partway through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 28

peripheral

Question 29

this type of protein transport requires ATP is an energy source

Answer 29

 active

Question 30

A carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecule in the cell membrane

Answer 30

Glycolipid

Question 31

“ water loving” - molecules which mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 31

hydrophilic

Question 32

The rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the __________ gradient

Answer 32

 concentration

Question 33

this occurs when there is a concentration gradient across a membrane and only water is able to pass through the membrane

Answer 33

osmotic pressure

Question 34

this molecule is the energy currency of the cell

Answer 34

 ATP

Question 35

movement of molecules along a concentration gradient

Answer 35

 diffusion

Question 36

A carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

Answer 36

 glycoprotein

Question 37

The movement of a vacuole into the cell

Answer 37

endocytosis

Question 38

 an ________ protein passes all the way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 38

integral

Question 39

refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 39

hypertonic

Question 40

when movement of molecules does not require additional energy input, it is called _______

Answer 40

 passive

Question 41

if a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, an increase in ______ pressure will develop

Answer 41

turgor

Question 42

a __________ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with the concentration gradient and without the use of ATP 

Answer 42

channel