Cell Membrane Flashcards
Selectively permeable
Some substances may pass through while others may not
Cell membrane function
Maintain homeostasis within a cell
Structure relates to
Function
Membrane lipids are aka
Phospholipids
Structure of phospholipids
1) phosphate polar heads
2) fatty acid tails
Phosphate polar heads are
meaning
Hydrophilic which means water loving
Fatty acid tails are
meaning
Hydrophobic meaning water repelling
Peripheral proteins
Located on the interior and exterior surfaces of the membrane
Integral proteins
Are embedded in the bilayer and are exposed to at least one or both surfaces of the membrane
Glycoproteins
Are integral proteins having specialized carbohydrate chains attached to it
Passive transport
The movement of materials across the cell membrane without requiring ATP
Diffusion
The process in which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
Concentration gradient
The differences btw concentrations of substances in different areas
Equilibrium
State of balance
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Isotonic
The concentration of solute particles outside the cell is the same as the inside of the cell
Hypotonic
Concentration of solute particles outside the cell is lower than the concentration of solute inside of the cell
Hypertonic
Concentration of solute particles outside the cell is higher than the concentration of solute inside the cell
Cytolosis
The bursting of cells
Facilitated diffusion
The process of moving substances across the membrane but requires assistance from me range proteins
Aquaporins
A type of channel protein that assists proteins
Carrier proteins
Membrane proteins that change shape to move substances across the cell membrane
Ion channels
Specialized membrane proteins that move move specific ions across the cell membrane
Active Transport
Requires ATP to move substances from low to high concentration
Cell membrane pump
Specialized membrane proteins that use energy from ATP to pump small molecules or ions across the cell membrane
Endocytosis
The process of moving large quantities of materials into the cell
Vesicle
Membrane bound organelle formed from the cell membrane forming a pocket around the particle
Pinocytosis
Cell drinking
Phagocytosis
Cell eating
Exocytosis
Process that moves large quantities of materials out of the cell
