Cell Membrane Flashcards
Semi-permeable
Allows some substances to pass through, but blocks others
Phospholipid Bilayer
A layer made of hydrophilic phosphates and hydrophobic lipids, preventing most substances from passing through
Channel Proteins
allow certain substances shaped like the channel protein to pass in and out of the cell through the membrane
Work well for small particles
Fluid Mosaic
The theory that cell membranes can move fluidly and is made up oof many different parts
Diffusion through Channel Proteins
A passive transport method caused by the movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
Carrier Proteins
Attach to larger particles to move them through the membrane through facilitated diffusion - passive transport
Active transport through proteins
Protein channels use active transport when pushing particles in or out of the cell against the natural diffusion gradient
Osmosis
The transport of water in and out of the cell to balance concentration levels - passive transport
Isotonic
Osmosis where the concentration of solutes inside and outside of the cell are the same
No water moves in or out
Hypertonic
Concentration of solutes outside the cell is larger than inside the cell
Water moves out of cell; cell shrinks
Hypotonic
Concentration of solutes is larger inside the cell
Water moves into cell; cell expands
Endocytosis
When transported materials are too big for carrier proteins, the vacuole surrounds particles from outside the cell and brings them in
Active transport
