cell mediated (specific) response

Question 1

what cells are involved in the cell mediated response?

Answer 1

T cells

Question 2

briefly describe what happens in the cell mediated response

Answer 2

• receptors on T cells bind to antigens on antigen presenting cells
• T cells divide rapidly by mitosis (clonal expansion)

Question 3

state 4 examples of antigen presenting cells

Answer 3

• infected body cells with viral antigens
• macrophages which have engulfed and destroyed a pathogen
• transplanted organ cells
• cancer cells with abnormal shaped antigens

Question 4

stage 1 (APC)

Answer 4

after being engulfed and destroyed in phagocytosis, the cell is antigen presenting

Question 5

stage 2 (receptors)

Answer 5

T helper cells receptors attach to antigens of APCs

Question 6

stage 3 (interleukins)

Answer 6

interleukins are produced, activating T helper cells to rapidly divide by mitosis - clonal expansion

Question 7

stage 4 (differentiation)

Answer 7

cloned T helper cells differentiate
- T memory cells
- T killer cells
- T regulator cells

Question 8

what are T regulator cells?

Answer 8

suppress immune response so that cell mediated response only occurs when pathogens are detected

Question 9

state 2 examples of T helper differentiation in terms of interleukins

Answer 9

• produce interleukins to activate B lymphocytes
• produce interleukins to stimulate macrophages

Question 10

describe T killer cells

Answer 10

• destroy abnormal/infected cells
• release perforin which embeds in pathogen cell membrane and creates a pore; allows substances to exit and enter, causing cell death
• common in viral replication
• body cells are sacrificed to prevent viral replication