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science 4 > Cell Flash Cards > Flashcards

Cell Flash Cards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell

A

the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
*its shape and size contribute to its function

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2
Q

Robert Hook

A

used a microscope to discover cells

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3
Q

Miroscope

A

tool used to magnify or enlarge small things

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4
Q

The Cell Theory

A
  1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
  3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
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5
Q

Organel

A

a tiny structure in the cell that performs a function

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6
Q

Nucleolus

A

directs all cell activities (similar to the brain of the cell)

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7
Q

Chromatin

A

contains DNA (genetic material that are the instructions for the cell)

DNA= deoxyribonucleic acid

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8
Q

Nuclear
Membrane

A

surrounds the nucleus

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9
Q

Cell Membrane

A

selectively permeable membrane meaning it only lets specific materials move in and out of the cell

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10
Q

Cytoplasm

A

gel-like material inside the cell
- cytosol is part of the cytoplasm

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11
Q

Endoplasmic
Reticulum
(ER)

A

moves material around in the cell

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12
Q

Ribosomes

A

make proteins and translate messages

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13
Q

Golgi Bodies

A

the packaging organelle

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14
Q

Mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell because it breaks down food molecules and releases energy
*does cellular respiration

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15
Q

Vacuole

A

storage area in the cell

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16
Q

Lysosomes

A

digest wastes and worn-out cell parts, “cleans” the cell

17
Q

Chloroplasts

A

contain a chemical called chlorophyll (absorbs the sun’s energy & makes the plant green) and allows the plant to make food for itself (like solar panels)
*does photosynthesis
*only in plant

18
Q

Cell Wall

A

outer boundary of plant cell, rigid & tough, provides support and shape
-made of cellulose
*only in plants

19
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A

Cells contain a nucleus and other organelles

20
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Cells that do not have a nucleus, usually unicellular

science 4 (3 decks)

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