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Biology > Cell Divison > Flashcards

Cell Divison Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What happens during Interphase S Stage

A

Synthesis stage

DNA is copied or replicated

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1
Q

3 things during Interphase G1 Stage

A

1st growth stage after cell division
Cells mature by making more cytoplasm and organelles
Cell carries on its normal metabolic activities

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2
Q

Interphase G2 Stage

A

2nd growth stage
Occurs after DNA has been copied
All cell structures needed for division are made (e.g. centrioles)
Both organelles and proteins are synthesized

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3
Q

What is mitosis?

A

Nuclear division

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4
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

Cytoplasm dividing

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5
Q

What phase is the Mitotic spindle forms from fibers in cytoskeleton or centrioles.

A

Early prophase

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6
Q

When does Chromatin in nucleus condenses to form visible chromosomes

A

Early prophase

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7
Q

When phase does Nuclear membrane and nucleolus are broken down and Chromosomes continue condensing and are clearly visible.

A

Late prophase

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8
Q

What phase does Spindle fibers called kinetochores attach to the centromere of each chromosome.
Spindle finished forming between the poles of the cells

A

Late prophase

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9
Q

Chromosome lined up at the equator, attached to the kinetochore fibers.

A

Metaphase

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10
Q

Occurs rapidly

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite pokes of the cell by kinetochore fibers

A

Anaphase

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11
Q

Sister chromatids at opposite poles.
Spindles disassembles.
Nuclear envelope firms around each set of sister chromatids

A

Telophase

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12
Q

Nucleolus reappears
Cytokinesis occurs
Chromosomes reappear as chromatin

A

Telophase

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13
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

The division of cytoplasm

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14
Q

Do animal cells or plant cells have centrioles

A

Animal cells

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15
Q

What cell has the cell membrane drawn inward and the cytoplasm pinched into 2 equal parts

A

Animal cells

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16
Q

What cell has cell plate developing into a separating membrane?

A

Plant cell

17
Q

What is an embryonic stem cell?

A

Unspecialized cells that have the potential to become a wide variety of specialized cells

18
Q

What are adult stem cells?

A

Found in umbilical cord and bone marrow

19
Q

What is asexual reproduction

A

New organism produced from a single parent or cell

20
Q

What is binary fission

A

Equal division of an organism
Cytoplasm divided equally
Produced 2 identical organisms

21
Q

What is budding

A

Mitotic division of the cytoplasm
Organisms develop a smaller outgrowth
Cytoplasm does not divide equally

22
Q

What is sporulation

A

Spores produced by the mitotic cell division

Spores release and develop into new organisms under the right conditions

23
Q

What is regeneration

A

Organisms grow back missing parts or grow into a new organism

24
Q

What is vegetative propagation

A

Occurs in plants

Part of the roots stems or leafs and grows into a new plant

25
Q

How many chromosomes does a human have

A

46

26
Q

How many does one cell have undergoing meiosis

A

23

27
Q

Function of meiosis

A

Produce sex cells

28
Q

Function of mitosis

A

Growth and regeneration of new cells

29
Q

Where is meiosis located

A

Testes or ovaries

30
Q

Where is mitosis located

A

All body cells

31
Q

How many daughter cells does meiosis have

A

Four

32
Q

How many daughter cells does mitosis have

A

Two

33
Q

Does the number of chromosomes change in mitosis or meiosis

A

Meiosis (it is cut in half). In mitosis it stays the same

34
Q

Number of phases in mitosis

A

Four

35
Q

Number of phases in meiosis

A

Eight

36
Q

Number of cell division in mitosis

A

One

37
Q

Number of cell division in meiosis

A

Two

38
Q

Difference in Dna between parents and daughters cells in mitosis

A

They are the same (identical)

39
Q

Difference in Dna between parents and daughters cells in meiosis

A

Homologous chromosomes assort independently, so each gamete has a unique combination of alleles (variation)

Biology (1 decks)

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