Cell Division - Mitosis & Meiosis

Question 1

What are the two types of cell division?

Answer 1

1. Mitosis

2. Meiosis

Question 2

Outline the process of mitosis.

Answer 2

1. Interphase: cell duplicates organelles and chromosomes AND increases in size
2. Chromosomes divide, then nucleus, then cell itself (+organelles)
3. Creates TWO daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell

Question 3

What is mitosis used for?

Answer 3

Growth and repair

Question 4

Outline the process of meiosis.

Answer 4

1. Interphase - cell duplicates organelles, chromosomes AND increases in size
2. First division - chromo pairs line up in pairs along spindle fibres in centre of cell
3. Spindle fibres contract
   - pairs pulled apart and form two daughter cells that have a mixture of chromos
4. Second division - chromos line up again and the ARMS of the chromos are pulled apart
5. Produces four gametes genetically different to the original parent cell

Question 5

Where does meiosis occur?

Answer 5

In the sex organs e.g. testes, ovaries

Question 6

How many cells are in the first and second divisions of meiosis?

Answer 6

1. 2 cells

2. 4 cells

Question 7

What are gametes?

Answer 7

1. Sex cells containing half the genetic material of normal cells
2. Made through meiosis

Question 8

What happens when the gametes fuse?

Answer 8

Resulting cell has 23 pairs of chromos