Cell Division

Question 1

Anaphase

Answer 1

Phase of mitosis when the sister chromatids separate and begin to move towards the opposite ends of the cell.

Question 2

Metaphase

Answer 2

Phase of mitosis when the chromosomes are aligned along the equator of the cell.

Question 3

Kinetochore

Answer 3

Structure made of proteins that the mitotic spindle fibers attach to; found at the centromere

Question 4

Prophase

Answer 4

Phase of mitosis when the chromosomes first begin to condense.

Question 5

Telophase

Answer 5

Phase of mitosis when new nuclear membranes begin to form around the chromosomes in each of the two new daughter cells.

Question 6

Cytokinesis

Answer 6

The process whereby the cell membrane and cytoplasmic contents are separated into the two daughter cells

Question 7

Interphase

Answer 7

Phase of the cell cycle that includes the G1, S, and G2 phases

Question 8

Prometaphase

Answer 8

Phase of the cell cycle during which the chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle and begin to move towards the equator of the cell; the nuclear envelope becomes fully broken down during this phase

Question 9

Microtubules

Answer 9

One of the types of cytoskeletal filaments; Mitotic spindle is made of these

Question 10

Karyotype

Answer 10

A technique in which the metaphase chromosomes are lined up in their respective homologous pairs, allowing the scientists to identify any chromosomal abnormalities

Question 11

Centromere

Answer 11

The region on the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached to each other; kinetochore will form here

Question 12

Cyclins

Answer 12

A group of proteins that help to control the progression of the cell cycle

Question 13

Cdk

Answer 13

A group of proteins that work with cyclin proteins to control the cell cycle

Question 14

S phase

Answer 14

Phase of the cell cycle when DNA replication occurs

Question 15

G1 and G2 phases

Answer 15

Phases of the cell cycle when the cell grows larger and carries out its normal day-to-day functions

Question 16

Polar microtubules

Answer 16

Those microtubules of the mitotic spindle that reach the equator but don’t physically contact the chromosomes

Question 17

Kinetochore microtubules

Answer 17

Those microtubules of the mitotic spindle that attach to the kinetochores on the chromosomes

Question 18

Astral microtubules

Answer 18

Those microtubules of the mitotic spindle that help to anchor the centrosomes at the poles of the cell

Question 19

Centrosomes

Answer 19

Structures from which the mitotic spindle microtubules grow outward

Question 20

Cell plate

Answer 20

Structure that forms in a dividing plant cell that represents the beginnings of the new cell wall that will separate the daughter cells

Question 21

Cleavage furrow

Answer 21

The region of the cell membrane that is pinched inwards during cytokinesis

Question 22

Tubulin

Answer 22

The monomer subunit of the microtubules in the mitotic spindle; Can be added to or removed from the microtubules to make them grow or shrink