Cell Division Flashcards
- game (reproduction cell division
- 4 different cells from 1 original
Meiosis
Growth and normal metabolic roles
G1
DNA replication
S
Growth and preparation for mitosis
G2
Each new strand has one old and one new strand
Semiconservative
-DNA + proteins = form of DNA in non dividing cells
Chromatin
Segments of chromatin that condense during prophase
Chromosome
-1/2 of a replicated chromosome
Chromatid
Chromosome condense and nuclear envelope breaks down. Spindle fibers grow from centrioles and migrate to opposite poles of cell
Prophase
Chromosomes lie along midline of cell. Some spindle fibers attach to kinetochores. Fibers are aster attach to plasma membrane
Metaphase
Chromosomes divide in two. Spindle fibers pull sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell. Each poor (future daughter cell) now has an identical set of genes
Anaphase
Chromosomes gather at each pole of cell. Chromatin decondenses. New nuclear envelope appears at each pole. New nucleoli appear in each nucleus. Mitotic spindle vanishes
Telophase
Division of cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
Phase of meiosis where DNA replicateds
Interphase
Phase of meiosis DNA exchange
Meiosis
Phase of meiosis. Seep ration of sister chromatids
Meiosis 2
Tight pairing of homologous chromosomes
Synapsis
Chromosomes exchange segments of DNA -> creates new combination of genes
Crossing over
- somatic cell division
- 2 identical cells from 1 original
Mitosis
Transmission of genetic characteristics from parent to offspring
Heredity
Segment of DNA that codes for RNA/protein
Gene
Different form of gene that produces alternative form of the same trait
Allele
Trait is expressed
Dominant
Trait is only expressed if no dominant allele is present
Recessive
2 identical alleles (bb)
Homozygous
2 different alleles (Bb)
Heterozygous
Alleles present for a particular trait
Genotype
Observable train
Phenotype
More than one dominant allele, both are expressed
Co-dominance
Traits carried on X chromosomes
Results in phenotype in males and females
Sex linkage
