Cell division Flashcards
What are the three phases of cell division?
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
What is interphase?
The phase in which baby cells grow to full size and perform all functions as usual
What is mitosis?
The phase in which the nucleus and middle of cell split into two perfect copies, including chromosomes and DNA
What are the four stages of mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What is cytokinesis?
The phase in which the rest of the cell splits into two new ‘baby’ cells
What is the real life application for cell division?
Cancer is caused by a cell growing wrong and not being destroyed, then rapidly reproducing until it is too much for your body to handle on its own, which leads to the spread of it.
What happens during prophase?
*Chromosomes coil up
*nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate
*Mitotic spindle begins to form
What happens during metaphase?
*Mitotic spindle captures all the chromosomes
*Microtubules attach to said chromosomes
*Chromosomes lined up in middle of cell
What happens during anaphase?
Microtubules from the miotic spindle start to pull the paired chromosomes apart, toward the poles of the miotic spindle
What happens during telophase?
*Mitotic spindle has finished its job and disappears
*Nuclear membrane + nucleus reappear around each set of chromosomes
*Chromosomes begin to uncoil
What happens during cytokinesis?
Animal cells- cell membrane pinches in, equally dividing everything in half and into 2 new cells
Plant cells- cell wall forms straight down the middle, dividing into two new cells
What happens during interphase?
*The ‘baby’ cell grows in preparation for mitosis
*All the DNA inside the nucleus is duplicated
