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Cell Division Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit of life

A

cell

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2
Q

What is the biggest organelle of a eukaryotic cell

A

nucleus

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3
Q

what is found in the nucleus

A

DNA

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4
Q

What is DNA and what does it stand for

A

DNA contains genetic material and it stands for DEOXY RIBO NUCLEIC ACID

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5
Q

What does DNA look like inside a nucleus

A

DNA looks like a double stranded of ladder and jumble up like a ball of yarn

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6
Q

What is genetic material

A

Genetic material are genes or traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring

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7
Q

How does DNA grow and develop and reproduce

A

DNA reproduce through stages called INTERPHASE and MITOSIS

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8
Q

What happens during INTERPHASE

A

Interphase is when DNA develops and goes through replication

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9
Q

What does REPLICATION mean

A

copy or duplicate

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10
Q

What happens during REPLICATION

A

DNA replicates itself and wrap up tightly and neatly into chromatid

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11
Q

What is a chromatid

A

A DNA that is neatly wrap up (Two Chromosomes/singular: chromatids)

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12
Q

What is a CHROMOSOME

A

When DNA wraps around a protein it is called a chromosome

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13
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have

A

Humans have 46 chromosomes

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14
Q

how many chromosomes does each parent pass to their offspring

A

23 chromosome from each parent

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15
Q

Each segment of DNA is known as a what

A

Gene

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16
Q

What does gene contain

A

Genetic traits

17
Q

What happens during MITOSIS

A

During MITOSIS Chromosomes go through 5 phases

18
Q

What are the 5 phases of mitosis

A

1: PROPHASE 2: METAPHASE 3: ANAPHASE 4: TELOPHASE 5: Cytokinesis

19
Q

What happens during phase 1

A

PROPHASE-chromosome appear

20
Q

What happens during phase 2

A

METAPHASE-chromosome line up

21
Q

What happens during phase 3

A

ANAPHASE-chromosome separate

22
Q

What happens during phase 4

A

TELOPHASE-chromosome pinch

23
Q

What happens during phase 5

A

Cytokinesis-two daughter cells form

24
Q

How many chromosomes do humans sex cells have

A

23 chromosomes in each sex cells (egg or sperm)

25
Q

How many chromosomes do the human body cells have

A

46 chromosomes in each cells

26
Q

What do you call a cell with a full set of chromosomes

A

A DIPLOID cell

27
Q

What do you call a cell with a HALF set of chromosomes

A

A HAPLOID cell

28
Q

Do bacteria cells go through mitosis like eukaryotic cells

A

No, bacteria do not have nucleus

29
Q

How do bacteria cells divied

A

Bacteria cells split in half called BINARY FISSION

30
Q

Why do our body cells divide

A

Our body cells divide to replace dead cells to grow and to develop

31
Q

What is the name of the DNA backbone called

A

Sugar phosphate

32
Q

Name all of the four DNA bases

A

Guanine; Cytosine; Thymine; Adenine

33
Q

What DNA base pairs with Thymine? and Adanine?

A

Guanine=Cytosine Thymine=Adenine

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