Cell Division Flashcards
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cell
What is the biggest organelle of a eukaryotic cell?
A nucleus
What is found in the nucleus?
DNA
What is DNA and what does it stand for?
DNA contains genetic material and it stands for DEOXY RIBO NUCLEUS ACID
What does DNA look like inside a nucleus?
DNA looks like a double stranded ladder and jumbles up like a ball of yarn
What is the genetic material?
Genetic material are genes or traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring
How does DNA grow and develop and reproduce?
DNA reproduce through stage called INTER PHASE AND MITOSIS
What happens during INTER PHASE?
INTER PHASE is when DNA develops and goes through replication
What does REPLICATION mean?
A copy or duplicate
What happens during REPLICATION?
DNA replication itself and wrap up tightly and neatly into Chromatid
What is a Chromatid?
A DNA that is neatly wrap up (TWO CHROMATIN/singular: Chromatids)
What is a CHROMOSOME?
When DNA wraps around a protein, it is called a chromosome
How many Chromosomes do humans have?
Humans Have 46 Chromosomes
How many Chromosomes does each parent pass on to their offspring?
23 Chromosomes from each parent
Each segment of DNA is known as what?
GENE
What does a gene contain?
genetic traits
What happens during MITOSIS?
During Mitosis, Chromosomes go through 5 phases
What are the 5 phases of mitosis?
Ph 1: PRO PHASE; Ph 2: META PHASE; Ph 3: ANA PHASE; Ph 4: TELO PHASE; Ph 5: Cytokineses
What happens during each Phase? PHASE 1:
PRO PHASE- chromosomes appear
What happens during each phase? PHASE 2:
META PHASE-chromosomes appear
What happens during each phase? PHASE 3:
ANA-PHASE-Chromosomes separated
What happens during each phase? PHASE 4:
TELO-PHASE-chromosomes pinch
What happens during each phase? PHASE 5:
Cytokines- two new daughter cell form
How many Chromosomes do human sex cells have?
23 Chromosomes in each sex cells (egg or sperm)
How many Chromosomes do human body cells have?
46 Chromosomes in each cells
What do you call a cell with a HALF set of Chromosomes (46)?
A DIPLOID cell
What do you call a cell with a HALF set of chromosomes (23)?
A HAPLOID cell
Do bacteria cells go through mitosis like eukaryotic cells?
No, bacteria do not have nucleus
How do bacteria cells divide?
Bacteria cells split in half called BINARY FISSION
What is the name of the DNA backbone called?
Our body cells divide to replace dead cells, to grow, to develop
What is the name of the DNA backbone called?
Sugar phosphate
Name all 4 of the DNA bases
Guanine; Cytosine; Thymine; Adenine
What DNA base pairs with Thymine? and Guanine?
Guanine = Cytosine
Thymine = Adenine
