Cell division Flashcards
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What is the smallest unit of life
A cell
What is the biggest organelle in eukaryotes
A nucleus
What is in the nucleus
DNA
What is DNA and what does it stand for
DNA is genetic material and stands for deoxy ribo nucleic acid
What does DNA look like in the nucleus
It looks like a jumbled up ball of yarn made of a spiraling ladder
What are genetic materials
Genes or traits passed from parents to offspring
How does DNA grow develop and reproduce
Through stages called inter phase and mitosis
What happens during inter phase
DNA develops and replicates
What does replication mean
Copy or duplicate
What happens during replication
DNA replicates and is wrapped up into a chromatid
What is a chromatid
Neatly wrapped up DNA
What is a chromosome
DNA wrapped around a protein
How many chromosomes do people have
46 chromosomes
How many chromosomes does a parent give do an offspring
23 chromosomes from each parent
Each segment of DNA is called a
Gene
What do genes contain
genetic traits
What happens during mitosis
Chromosomes go through 5 phases
What are all 5 phases of mitosis
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokenisis
what happens during phase 1
Chromosomes appear
What happens during phase 2
Chromosomes line up
What happens during phase 3
Chromosomes seperate
What happens during phase 4
chromosomes pinch
What happens during phase 5
Cytoplasm pinches and separates making 2 new cells
How many chromosomes do sex cells have
23 in eggs and sperm
How many chromosomes do body cells have
46 each
What is a cell with full sets of chromosomes called (46)
A Duploid cell
What is a cell with half a set of chromosomes called (23)
A Haploid cell
Do bacteria go through mitosis
No, they do not have a nucleus
How do bacteria cells divide
Binary fission
Why do body cells divide
To repair grow and develop
what is the backbone of DNA called
Sugar phosphate
The DNA bases are
Guanine, Cytosine; Thymine, Adenine
What pairs with Thymine
Adenine
What pairs with Guanine
Cytosine
