cell division Flashcards by Lyric Trujillo

Q

What is the smallest unit of life?

A

Cell

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Q

What is the biggest organelle of a eukaryotic cell?

A

A nucleus

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Q

What is DNA and what does it stand for?

A

DNA contains genetic material and it stands for DEOXYRIBO nucleic acid

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Q

What is found in the nucleus?

A

DNA

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Q

What does DNA look like inside a nucleus?

A

DNA looks like a double stranded of ladder and jumble up like a ball of yarn

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Q

What is genetic material?

A

Genetic material are genes or traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring

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Q

How does DNA grow and develop and reproduce?

A

DNA reproduce through stages called INTERPHASE AND MITOSIS

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Q

What happens during INTERPHASE?

A

INTERPHASE is when DNA develops and goes through replication

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Q

What does REPLICATION mean?

A

copy or duplicate?

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Q

What happens during REPLICATION?

A

DNA replicates itself and wrap up tightly and neatly into chromatid

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Q

What is a chromatid?

A

A DNA wraps around a protein, it is called a chromosome

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Q

What is a CHROMOSOME?

A

A DNA wraps around a protein, it is called a chromosome

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Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

Humans have 46 chromosomes

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Q

How many chromosomes does each parent pass on to their off spring?

A

23 chromosomes from each parent

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Q

Each segment of DNA is known as a what?

A

Gene

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Q

What does a gene contain?

A

Genetic traits

Q

What happens during MITOSIS?

A

During mitosis, Chromosomes go through 5 phases

Q

What are the 5 phases of mitosis ?

A

Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, cytokinesis

Q

What happens during each phase?

A

Prophase-chromosomes appear

Q

What happens during each phase?

A

Metaphase-chromosomes line up

Q

What happens during each phase?

A

Anaphase-chromosomes separate

Q

What happens during each phase?

A

Telophase-chromosomes pinch

Q

What happens during each phase?

A

Cytokinesis-two new daughter cells form

Q

How many chromosomes do human sex cells have?

A

23 chromosomes in each sex cells (egg or sperm)

How many chromosomes do human body cells have?

46 chromosomes in each cells

What do you call a cell with a full set of chromosomes (46)?

A diploid cell

What do you call a cell with a half set of chromosomes (23)?

A haploid cell

Do bacteria cells go through mitosis like the eukaryotic cells?

No, bacteria do not have nucleus

How do bacteria cells divide?

Bacteria cells split in half called Binary Fission

Why do our body cells divide?

Our body cells divide to replace dead cells, to grow, to develop

What is the name of the DNA backbone called?

Sugar phosphate

Name all 4 of the DNA bases?

Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Adenine

What DNA base pairs with Thymine? And Guanine?

Guanine=Cytosine Thymine=Adenine