Cell Division Flashcards
What happens during interphase?
During interphase, the chromosomes duplicate and are checked for errors, making any necessary repairs.
What happens during prophase?
During prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
The centriole divides and the two centrioles move to opposite poles of the cells. A spindle starts to form between the two centrioles.
What happens during metaphase?
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell.
They attach to spindle fibres by their centromeres.
What happens during anaphase?
During anaphase, the centrioles split and motor proteins move along the spindle fibres in opposite directions, causing the chromatids to be pulled apart into chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell.
What happens during cytokinesis?
The cell splits into two separate cells.
What happens during telophase?
During telophase, new nuclear envelopes form around the two sets of chromosomes.
Where are adult stem cells found?
In bone marrow
Name two conditions that embryonic stem cells can be used to treat.
Diabetes and paralysis
What is an advantage of using embryonic stem cells to treat conditions?
They can differentiate into any type of cell.
What are the advantages of cloning plants using meristematic stem cells?
• Rare species can be cloned to protect them from extinction
• Crop plants with special features such as disease resistance can be cloned to produce large numbers of identical plants for farmers.
