Cell Differentiation And Specialisation Pg.14 🩵 Flashcards
Specialised cells are cells that carry out a ______ _______.
Specific function.
The process by which cells change to become specialised is called ______.
Differentiation.
As cells change, they develop different ________ ________. They turn into different ______ __ _____. This allows them to carry out _________ ________.
Subcellular structures.
Types of cells.
Specific functions.
Most differentiation occurs as an organism _______.
Develops.
Most animal cells can only differentiate at an _______ ______ of the animals life.
Early stage.
But lots of plant cells can differentiate for the ______ of the plants life.
Whole.
The cells that differentiate in adult animals are mainly used for ________ and _________ ______.
Repairing and replacing cells.
Some cells are undifferentiated - they are called _______ _____.
Stem cells.
Sperm cells take the ______ _____ to the egg.
Male DNA.
A sperm cell has a ____ to help it swim to the egg.
Tail.
Sperm cells have lots of ________. These provide ______ for swimming.
Mitochondria.
Energy.
Nerve cells carry _________ _______ around the body.
Electrical signals.
Nerve cells are _____ to cover ____ distance in the body.
Long.
More.
Nerve cells have _______ at the end to _______ to other nerve cells.
Branches.
Connect.
Muscle cells ______ (shorten).
Contract.
Muscle cells are _____ so they have space to _______.
Long.
Contract.
Muscle cells have lots of ________. These provide _____ for contracting.
Mitochondria.
Energy.
Root hair cells absorb ______ and ______.
Water and minerals.
Root hair cells grow into long _____ that stick out into the soil.
Hairs.
This gives the plant a big _______ _____ for absorbing water and _______ _____ from the soil.
Surface area.
Mineral ions.
Phloem cells transport _____ and xylem cells transport _____.
Food.
Water.
Phloem and xylem cells form phloem and xylem ______.
Tubes.
To form the tubes, the cells are ______ and joined _____ __ _____.
Long.
End to end.
Xylem cells are ______ and phloem cells have _____ ____ subcellular structures. So there’s lots of space inside the cells for stuff to _____ ______ them.
Hollow.
Very few.
Flow through.
Describe how a root hair cell is specialised for its function.
The cell has a hair like shape which gives it a large surface are to absorb water and minerals from the soil.
