cell cylce

Question 1

Gamete

Answer 1

a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

Question 2

Binary fission

Answer 2

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes

Question 5

Chromatid

Answer 5

each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

are similiar but not identical. Each carries the same genes in the same order, but the alleles for each trait may not be the same

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.

Question 11

Karyotype

Answer 11

the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.

Question 12

cell cycle

Answer 12

The cell cycle is a 4-stage process consisting of Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis, Gap 2 (G2) and mitosis

Question 13

interphase

Answer 13

interphase is the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by observable changes under the microscope, and includes the G1, S and G2 phases.

Question 14

mitosis

Answer 14

a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

Question 15

cytokinesis

Answer 15

the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

Question 16

cancer

Answer 16

Cancer is a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues.

Question 17

meiosis

Answer 17

Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.