cell cycles

Question 1

OVERVIEW

process when during a cell cycle, one cell divides to form 2 daughter cells with identical DNA

Answer 1

MITOSIS

Question 2

OVERVIEW

after replication 2 identical copies of each chromosone are attached together by

attached by what

Answer 2

the centromere

Question 3

2 identical copies are

Answer 3

sister chromatids

Question 4

ONCE DNA is replicated the cell is ready to…

Answer 4

divide

Question 5

WHY IS it essential for chromosones to replicate before cell division

Answer 5

Its essential as the daughter cells need to end up with its own complete genome. they must contain same gene info as the parent cells

genome= haploid set of chromosones in gametes

Question 6

w

what happens in the neucleus of the cell during cell divison

Answer 6

it disassembles and reforms

Question 7

cell divison which results in gametes

Answer 7

meosis

Question 8

3 stages of DNA

Answer 8

1) parent molecule unzips
2) neucleotide float around and pair up according to complementary base pairings rule
3) DNA is replicated and theres 2 identical strands

Question 9

mitosis

Answer 9

• 4 stages
• in somatic cells
• purpose is cellular prolife
• produce 2 daughter cells
• chromosone number is same
• genetic variation does not change

STAGES

• INTERPHASE: cells copied
• PROPHASE: cell division and centrioles appear to move chromatids
• METAPHASE: daughter cells attach to spindle fibres
• ANAPHASE: chromatids seperate and move to opposite sides
• TELAPHASE: 2 neuclei is formed and mitosis ends
• CYTOKINISES: new daughter cells in neucleus and identical chromosones are created. ( 2 DIPLOID CELLS) (GENETICALLY IDENTICAL)

Question 10

meosis

Answer 10

• 8 stages (+interphase)
• germ cells in
• sexual reproduction
• 4 haploid daughter cells
• chromosone number is havled in each daughter cell
• genetic variation= increased
• produce gametes

STEPS
P1- crossing over
M1- move to centre
A1- move to opposite side
T&C1- chromosones move to centre and divide and make 2 cells
P2- spindle fibre forms around chromosomes and nuclear envelope breaks
M2- chromosomes line at equator
A2- centromere divides and moves to opposite sides
(4 HAPLOID DAUGHTER CELLS) (GENETICALLY DIFFERENT)

Question 11

similarities

MEOSIS AND MITOSIS

Answer 11

• produce new cells
• similliar basic cells
• starts with single parent cells