cell cycle

Question 1

Gamete

Answer 1

is a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization in organisms that sexually reproduce

Question 2

Binary fission

Answer 2

is the method by which prokaryotes produce new individuals that are genetically identical to the parent organism.

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

Question 5

Chromatid

Answer 5

each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

two pieces of DNA within a diploid organism which carry the same genes, one from each parental source

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent.

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

is the quality of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.

Question 11

Karyotype

Answer 11

the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.

Question 12

Cell cycle

Answer 12

is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides

Question 13

Interphase

Answer 13

is the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by observable changes under the microscope, and includes the G1, S and G2 phases.

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells

Question 15

Cytokinesis

Answer 15

the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

Question 16

Cancer

Answer 16

the process by which cells progress and divide, lies at the heart of cancer.

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.