Cell Cycle

Question 1

Gamete

Answer 1

a mature haploid male or female germ cell

Question 2

Binary fission

Answer 2

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein

Question 5

Chromatid

Answer 5

each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach,

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

two pieces of DNA within a diploid organism

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.

Question 11

Karyotype

Answer 11

the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.

Question 12

Cell Cycle

Answer 12

a 4-stage process consisting of Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis, Gap 2 (G2) and mitosis

Question 13

interphase

Answer 13

the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by observable changes under the microscope

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus

Question 15

Cytokinesis

Answer 15

the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis

Question 16

Cancer

Answer 16

a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information