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Honors Biology 9th grade > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Interphase

A

Interphase is the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by visible changes it includes the G1, S, and G2 phases. During interphase, the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.

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2
Q

G1

A

Where Cell Growth occurs

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3
Q

S (synthesis)

A

DNA replication (By the end of the synthesis the cell has 2 copies of DNA)

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4
Q

G2

A

The cell grows and prepares for cell division

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5
Q

What is Mitosis

A

Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.

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6
Q

Prophase

A
  • Nuclear membrane disappears
  • Chromosomes begin to appear (DNA is condensed)
  • Centrioles (animal cells) move to poles
  • Spindle Fibers begin to form
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7
Q

Metaphase

A
  • Chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
  • Spindle Fibers attach to the centromere of the chromosome
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8
Q

Anaphase

A
  • Spindle Fibers pull sister chromatids to poles
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9
Q

Telophase

A
  • Chromatids arrive at the poles
  • New nuclear membranes form
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10
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Splitting of the cytoplasm

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11
Q

What are sister chromatids

A

A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere.

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12
Q

In what phase do Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell

A

During Metaphase

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13
Q

During which phase do chromosomes first become visible

A

During Prophase

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14
Q

What is the main difference between Cell division in plants and animals

A

In plants, a cell plate is formed, whereas in animals a cleavage is formed

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15
Q

What is the purpose of mitosis

A

The aim of mitosis is to ensure that the two daughter cells inherit an equal and identical complement of chromosomes

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16
Q

When the rate of the cell cycle gets out of control what happens

A

Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. When the cell cycle proceeds without control, cells can divide without order and accumulate genetic errors that can lead to a cancerous tumor.

17
Q

What is the product of mitosis?

A

2 identical daughter cells

Honors Biology 9th grade (2 decks)

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