Cell Cycle Flashcards
What is Interphase
Interphase is the portion of the cell cycle that is not accompanied by visible changes it includes the G1, S, and G2 phases. During interphase, the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis.
G1
Where Cell Growth occurs
S (synthesis)
DNA replication (By the end of the synthesis the cell has 2 copies of DNA)
G2
The cell grows and prepares for cell division
What is Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.
Prophase
- Nuclear membrane disappears
- Chromosomes begin to appear (DNA is condensed)
- Centrioles (animal cells) move to poles
- Spindle Fibers begin to form
Metaphase
- Chromosomes move to the equator of the cell
- Spindle Fibers attach to the centromere of the chromosome
Anaphase
- Spindle Fibers pull sister chromatids to poles
Telophase
- Chromatids arrive at the poles
- New nuclear membranes form
Cytokinesis
Splitting of the cytoplasm
What are sister chromatids
A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere.
In what phase do Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell
During Metaphase
During which phase do chromosomes first become visible
During Prophase
What is the main difference between Cell division in plants and animals
In plants, a cell plate is formed, whereas in animals a cleavage is formed
What is the purpose of mitosis
The aim of mitosis is to ensure that the two daughter cells inherit an equal and identical complement of chromosomes
