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Cell Communication Bio 1 > Cell Communication > Flashcards

Cell Communication Flashcards

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1
Q

What do signal transduction pathways do

A

Convert signals into cellular responses

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2
Q

What are 2 types of cellular communication

A

Local and long distance signalling

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3
Q

In local signalling neighbouring cells communicate, what are the 3 ways they do that

A

Direct contact
Cell to cell recognition
Local regulators

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4
Q

Communication involving cell junctions

A

Direct contact a type of cell communication

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5
Q

Communication via surface molecules is known as? and what is an example of the surface molecules

A

Cell to cell recognition and the surface molecule is membrane carbohydrates

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6
Q

Messenger molecules that travel short distances such as growth factors and neurotransmitters diffusing across synaptic cleft is known as what type of cell communication

A

Local regulators

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7
Q

In direct contact local signalling the 3 cell junction types are

A

Communicating junctions
Occluding junctions
Anchoring junctions

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8
Q

What gap junctions undergo communication

A

Gap junctions and plasmodesmata

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9
Q

Are communicating junctions linked to cytoskeleton in any way

A

No

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10
Q

Communicating junctions control

A

Cell to cell connection not cell to ECM

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11
Q

Occluding junctions are known as

A

Tight junctions

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12
Q

Tight junctions have cytoskeletal connection as they connect with

A

Actin microfilaments

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13
Q

Tight junctions undergo what type of connection cell to cell or to ECM

A

Cell-cell connection

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14
Q

What are two types of cell - cell connection anchoring junctions

A

Desmosomes and adherens

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15
Q

Desmosomes have cytoskeletal connection with

A

Intermediate filaments

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16
Q

Adherents have cytoskeletal connection with

A

Actin microfilaments similar to occluding/tight junctions

17
Q

Anchoring junctions that undergo cell to ECM connection are known as

A

Focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes

18
Q

Focal adhesions have cytoskeletal connections with

A

Actin filaments like tight junctions and adherents junctions

19
Q

Hemidesmosomes have cytoskeletal connections with

A

Intermediate filaments similar to Desmosomes

20
Q

Desmosomes fasten cells together into sheets by using proteins, what is the transmembrane protein used, attachment protein and filament? What is the filament made of?

A

Intermediate filament + desmoplakin (attachment protein) + cadherins (transmembrane adhesion proteins)

The intermediate filament made of keratin in epithelial cells or desmin in in heart muscle/ smooth muscle cells.

Desmosomes attach muscle cells together in a muscle

21
Q

Adherents junctions create an adhesion zone under the apical surface of cells and connect things similar to Desmosomes. What transmembrane protein, filament and attachment protein is used?

A

Actin filament + catenins or vinculin or a-actinin (attachment protein) + cadherins (transmembrane protein)

22
Q

Integrins are the transmembrane proteins for which junctions

A

Focal adhesions and hemodesmosomes

23
Q

Focal adhesions have talin, a-actin and vincoulin attachment proteins, what other junction uses a-actin and vincoulin?

A

Adherents junction

24
Q

Focal adhesions use what filament when connecting cell to ECM

A

Actin microfilament

25
Q

Where are hemodesmosomes found

A

Basal surface of epithelial cells to allow cell to ECM connection

26
Q

When does the transmembrane protein integrin bind to basement membrane laminin?

A

In hemodesmosomes

27
Q

What filament is used in hemodesmosomes

A

Intermediate -keratin similar to Desmosomes

28
Q

Plectin is an attatchement protein that ___ use

A

hemodesmosomes

29
Q

All anchoring junctions contain __ when connecting

A

filaments, attachment proteins and transmembrane adhesion proteins

30
Q

What membrane protein makes channels in gap junctions

A

Connexin

31
Q

Ions Ca+2 and cAMP can enter

A

Channels of gap junctions

32
Q

Gap junctions are found ___ apical surfaces of tissues in

A

ALONG, Epithelial cells and muscle cells

33
Q

The reason we have synchronized contraction of intestine during birth is because of

A

Gap junctions

34
Q

Tight junctions are found ___ apical surfaces of what cells?

A

UNDERNEATH, epithelial only.

35
Q

Tight junctions are

A

Occluding and prevent cell-cell communication and skin leakage

36
Q

The transmembrane proteins claudin and occludin make up

A

Tight junctions

37
Q

What part of tight junctions is linked to actin filament

A

Cytoplasmic part of occludin

Cell Communication Bio 1 (1 decks)

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