cell biology c1

Question 1

define prokaryotes

Answer 1

smaller cell and simpler
no nucleus eg. bacteria
unicellular

Question 2

define eukaryotes

Answer 2

complex cells
eg animal, plant and fungi
multicellular

Question 3

what does the animal cell contain

Answer 3

nucleus 
cytoplasm
cell membrane 
mitochondria
ribosomes

Question 4

what does the plant cell contain

Answer 4

mitochondria
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosome
nucleus
permanent vacuole 
cell wall 
chloroplast

Question 5

define mitochondria

Answer 5

these are where most reactions for aerobic respiration take place

Question 6

what are ribosomes

Answer 6

where proteins are made

Question 7

what is the permanent vacuole

Answer 7

contains cell sap and keeps the cell turgid

Question 8

what is the formula for magnification

Answer 8

magnification=image size/actual size

eg. millie is amazing

Question 9

um to nm

Answer 9

x1000

Question 10

nm to um

Answer 10

divide 1000

Question 11

state the similarities of animal and plant cell

Answer 11

theyre both eukaryote cells

Question 12

state the differences between animal and plant cells

Answer 12

plats have a cell wall, vacuole and chloroplast

plant cells are usually larger

Question 13

what is magnification

Answer 13

the ability to make small objects seem larger

Question 14

what is resolution

Answer 14

is the ability to distinguish two objects from each other

Question 15

light microscopes?

Answer 15

use light and lenses from a image or specimen to make something look bigger

Question 16

electron microscopes?

Answer 16

uses electrons to form a image

higher magnification then light microscopes

Question 17

what is cell division

Answer 17

it’s when cells divide to creat more cells

Question 18

what is osmosis

Answer 18

the movement of water molecules from high to a low water concentration (through a partially permeable membrane)

dilute-concentrated

Question 19

what is diffusion

Answer 19

when partials move from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 20

what is active transport

Answer 20

the movement of particles from a more dilute(LOWER) solution to a more (HIGHER)concentrated solution wit h the use of energy from respiration

-against a concentration gradient

Question 21

what is mitosis

Answer 21

a type of cell division which produces 2 genetically IDENTICAL daughter cells from ONE parent cell

Question 22

plasmid?

Answer 22

loops of dna found in the cytoplasm

Question 23

therapeutic cloning

Answer 23

producing an embryo that has the same genes as a patient

Question 24

cell differentiation

Answer 24

the process where a cell becomes specialised to its function

Question 25

what cell transport requires energy?

Answer 25

active transport

energy during respiration

Question 26

movement of particles in osmosis, active transport and diffusion

Answer 26

osmosis-high to low
active transport-low to high
diffusion-high to low