Cell Biology and Anatomy Class Flashcards
(random fact card)
Water doesnt like to change it’s heat/phase because of ____.
specific heat
What are the two specific defenders in the immune system?
Antibodies
Killer T-Cells
Draw a diagram of the Plant Cell.
Urea and water comes out of the liver through the ______.
Urethra
Veins go (to/from) the heart.
To
What do Ribosomes do?
They construct the proteins
Chromosomes? What are they?
A single strand or ring of DNA
(the volume in the book metaphore)
In the electro magnetic spectrum, short waves have have and require ___ energy.
more energy
What happens in the Telophase?
the chromosome pairs are reeled in by the astridles
it is the 5th stage
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
It holds the ribosomes
Describe a chloroplast
In a fish, once the blood comes out of the heart, it has a ___ [O2].
low
True or False
Blood comes out of the Atrium of the heart.
False
It comes out of the Ventricle
What is the epiglottis?
It is the flap that separates between the Trachea (which leads to the respritory system) and the Pharnyx (wich leads to the digestive system).
What do incisors do?
they scrape
Put these in order:
Esophagus
Small Intestines
Pharnyx
Epiglottis
Epiglittis
Pharnyx
Esophagus
Small Intestines
What are E.P.P.s and I.P.P.s (what do they stand for)? What do they do?
External Peripheral Proteins and Internal Peripheral Proteins
EPPs are for response to stimuli
IPPs are for homeostasis
What are the bumps on the RER?
ribosomes
The part of the nucleus that “photocopies” the DNA is called the _______.
nucleolus
What are Codons?
a sequence of three nucleotides (those letter thingies) which togeather form a unit of genetic code.
Ex: CAT or **GGG **
Is water adhesive or cohesive?
it is both
The attachment is the ______.
The bone that doesn’t move.
The two things that go from the Calvin cycle to the light cycle are _____ and _____.
NADP+ and ADP+Pi
What is the Endosymbiotic Theory?
The theory that mitochondrea were once free living bacteria
In a cell membrane, what do the lipids do?
they are hydrophobic
What happens in Prophase?
The nucleus walls are disolved
The two things that go from the light cycle to the Calvin cycle are _____ and _____.
ATP and NADPH
Ligaments attach ____ to ____, where as tendons attach ____ to ____.
Ligaments attach bone to bone, where as tendons attach muscle to bone.
What is a genome?
the complete set of genetic material
Alleles are…
different versions of the same gene
The incinorator is the ___ in the plant cell.
lysosome
What is a gene?
a sequence of codons that effects a trait (such as hair color)
(the chapter in the book metaphore)
What is Neogenesis-Abyssal?
The idea that life started from the nearby heat that came from underwater volcanic vents. This would have been an unstable environment due to the fact that a few inches away from the life formes was pressurized, 3000ºF, water. (yeah… life cant survive 3000ºF)
What happens in Interphase?
The DNA is copied
(DNA replication)
In a cell membrane, what do the I.P. do?
they allow the passage of solvents and solutes
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxiribonucleic Acid
The ____ Artery lies between the Right Ventricle and the Lung Capillaries
Pulmonary Artery
Lipase breaks down ___.
fats
What is the fap that separates the pharnyx and the trachea?
The Epiglottis
Mitochondrea have their own ___.
DNA
What are the 5 kingdoms of life?
Bacteria
Protista
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae
Amylese breaks down ___.
starch
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What are the first lines of defence in your immune system?
Skin
Mucus
What does I.P. stand for?
Integral Protein
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is missing an oxygen
RNA has it
What is a “phospho” and what are its proporties?
they are the hydrophilic part of the cell membrane
(they like water)
In a mammal, blood leaves the left ventricle through the _____ and then goes into the ____, ____, ____,or the ____.
In a mammal, blood leaves the left ventricle through the Aorta and then goes into the Carotid Artery, Right Brachial Artery, Left Brachial Artery, or the Systemic Artery.
A person has ___ chromisomes.
23
What is Xenogenesis?
The idea that life started elsewhere and came to Earth. We know that liquid water exists on other planets, so it is possible. We also may have found micro-fossils in meteorites, but they may be air bubbles.
What is the smooth endoplasmic plasmic reticulum?
the trashcan
It is in charge of detoxification
What does the the Cell Membrane Diagram?
protese breaks down ____.
protein
What are the 7 characteristics of life?
- reproduction
- evolution
- uses energy
- homeostasis
- growth
- response to stimuli
- cell(s)
The “crate” that holds the food in the cell is called the____.
vacule
What does “A.M.P.” stand for?
Anti-Microbial Proteins
Draw a diagram of an Amphibian respritory system.
What are the 3 hypothesizes of how life started on Earth?
Xenogenesis
Neogenesis-Abyssal
Neogenesis-Surface
What is the purpose of the stomach?
chemical digestion
What are the 6 stages in cell mitosis?
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
Blood enters the ____ through ____ and exits the _____ through _____.
Blood enters the atruium through veins and exits the ventricle through arteries.
In the electro magnetic spectrum, long waves have have and require ___ energy.
less energy
What are the different layers of a nematode?
- The Ectoderm
- The Mesoderm
- The Fluid Filled Pseudocoelum
- The Endoderm
- The Gut
What are the 3 caragories in the 3 kingdoms of life system?
Archea
Monara
Eukaryota
____, ____, and ____ enter the liver (mostly from the Large Intestine)
Toxins, water, and salt
What is a zygote?
A furtilized egg
The first cell of a multicelular organism
What is a Gastula?
The digestive track
What are the differences in males in females (in terms of sex cells)?
Males: Smaller, mobile gametes. They produce more gametes than females.
Females: Larger, immobile gametes. They produce less gametes than males.
