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Science > Cell Biology and Anatomy Class > Flashcards

Cell Biology and Anatomy Class Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

(random fact card)

Water doesnt like to change it’s heat/phase because of ____.

A

specific heat

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1
Q

What are the two specific defenders in the immune system?

A

Antibodies

Killer T-Cells

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2
Q

Draw a diagram of the Plant Cell.

A
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2
Q

Urea and water comes out of the liver through the ______.

A

Urethra

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3
Q

Veins go (to/from) the heart.

A

To

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3
Q

What do Ribosomes do?

A

They construct the proteins

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4
Q

Chromosomes? What are they?

A

A single strand or ring of DNA

(the volume in the book metaphore)

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5
Q

In the electro magnetic spectrum, short waves have have and require ___ energy.

A

more energy

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5
Q

What happens in the Telophase?

A

the chromosome pairs are reeled in by the astridles

it is the 5th stage

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5
Q

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

It holds the ribosomes

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6
Q

Describe a chloroplast

A
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6
Q

In a fish, once the blood comes out of the heart, it has a ___ [O2].

A

low

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7
Q

True or False

Blood comes out of the Atrium of the heart.

A

False

It comes out of the Ventricle

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8
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

It is the flap that separates between the Trachea (which leads to the respritory system) and the Pharnyx (wich leads to the digestive system).

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8
Q

What do incisors do?

A

they scrape

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9
Q

Put these in order:

Esophagus

Small Intestines

Pharnyx

Epiglottis

A

Epiglittis

Pharnyx

Esophagus

Small Intestines

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11
Q

What are E.P.P.s and I.P.P.s (what do they stand for)? What do they do?

A

External Peripheral Proteins and Internal Peripheral Proteins

EPPs are for response to stimuli

IPPs are for homeostasis

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12
Q

What are the bumps on the RER?

A

ribosomes

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13
Q

The part of the nucleus that “photocopies” the DNA is called the _______.

A

nucleolus

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13
Q

What are Codons?

A

a sequence of three nucleotides (those letter thingies) which togeather form a unit of genetic code.

Ex: CAT or **GGG **

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14
Q

Is water adhesive or cohesive?

A

it is both

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15
Q

The attachment is the ______.

A

The bone that doesn’t move.

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17
Q

The two things that go from the Calvin cycle to the light cycle are _____ and _____.

A

NADP+ and ADP+Pi

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18
Q

What is the Endosymbiotic Theory?

A

The theory that mitochondrea were once free living bacteria

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19
Q

In a cell membrane, what do the lipids do?

A

they are hydrophobic

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19
Q

What happens in Prophase?

A

The nucleus walls are disolved

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20
Q

The two things that go from the light cycle to the Calvin cycle are _____ and _____.

A

ATP and NADPH

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21
Q

Ligaments attach ____ to ____, where as tendons attach ____ to ____.

A

Ligaments attach bone to bone, where as tendons attach muscle to bone.

22
Q

What is a genome?

A

the complete set of genetic material

23
Q

Alleles are…

A

different versions of the same gene

24
Q

The incinorator is the ___ in the plant cell.

A

lysosome

25
Q

What is a gene?

A

a sequence of codons that effects a trait (such as hair color)

(the chapter in the book metaphore)

26
Q

What is Neogenesis-Abyssal?

A

The idea that life started from the nearby heat that came from underwater volcanic vents. This would have been an unstable environment due to the fact that a few inches away from the life formes was pressurized, 3000ºF, water. (yeah… life cant survive 3000ºF)

26
Q

What happens in Interphase?

A

The DNA is copied

(DNA replication)

28
Q

In a cell membrane, what do the I.P. do?

A

they allow the passage of solvents and solutes

29
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxiribonucleic Acid

30
Q

The ____ Artery lies between the Right Ventricle and the Lung Capillaries

A

Pulmonary Artery

32
Q

Lipase breaks down ___.

A

fats

33
Q

What is the fap that separates the pharnyx and the trachea?

A

The Epiglottis

34
Q

Mitochondrea have their own ___.

A

DNA

35
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms of life?

A

Bacteria

Protista

Fungi

Animalia

Plantae

37
Q

Amylese breaks down ___.

A

starch

38
Q

What does RNA stand for?

A

Ribonucleic Acid

39
Q

What are the first lines of defence in your immune system?

A

Skin

Mucus

40
Q

What does I.P. stand for?

A

Integral Protein

42
Q

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

A

DNA is missing an oxygen

RNA has it

44
Q

What is a “phospho” and what are its proporties?

A

they are the hydrophilic part of the cell membrane

(they like water)

45
Q

In a mammal, blood leaves the left ventricle through the _____ and then goes into the ____, ____, ____,or the ____.

A

In a mammal, blood leaves the left ventricle through the Aorta and then goes into the Carotid Artery, Right Brachial Artery, Left Brachial Artery, or the Systemic Artery.

46
Q

A person has ___ chromisomes.

A

23

47
Q

What is Xenogenesis?

A

The idea that life started elsewhere and came to Earth. We know that liquid water exists on other planets, so it is possible. We also may have found micro-fossils in meteorites, but they may be air bubbles.

48
Q

What is the smooth endoplasmic plasmic reticulum?

A

the trashcan

It is in charge of detoxification

49
Q

What does the the Cell Membrane Diagram?

A
50
Q

protese breaks down ____.

A

protein

51
Q

What are the 7 characteristics of life?

A
  1. reproduction
  2. evolution
  3. uses energy
  4. homeostasis
  5. growth
  6. response to stimuli
  7. cell(s)
52
Q

The “crate” that holds the food in the cell is called the____.

A

vacule

54
Q

What does “A.M.P.” stand for?

A

Anti-Microbial Proteins

56
Q

Draw a diagram of an Amphibian respritory system.

A
57
Q

What are the 3 hypothesizes of how life started on Earth?

A

Xenogenesis

Neogenesis-Abyssal

Neogenesis-Surface

58
Q

What is the purpose of the stomach?

A

chemical digestion

59
Q

What are the 6 stages in cell mitosis?

A
  1. Interphase
  2. Prophase
  3. Metaphase
  4. Anaphase
  5. Telophase
  6. Cytokinesis
60
Q

Blood enters the ____ through ____ and exits the _____ through _____.

A

Blood enters the atruium through veins and exits the ventricle through arteries.

61
Q

In the electro magnetic spectrum, long waves have have and require ___ energy.

A

less energy

63
Q

What are the different layers of a nematode?

A
  1. The Ectoderm
  2. The Mesoderm
  3. The Fluid Filled Pseudocoelum
  4. The Endoderm
  5. The Gut
64
Q

What are the 3 caragories in the 3 kingdoms of life system?

A

Archea

Monara

Eukaryota

65
Q

____, ____, and ____ enter the liver (mostly from the Large Intestine)

A

Toxins, water, and salt

66
Q

What is a zygote?

A

A furtilized egg

The first cell of a multicelular organism

67
Q

What is a Gastula?

A

The digestive track

68
Q

What are the differences in males in females (in terms of sex cells)?

A

Males: Smaller, mobile gametes. They produce more gametes than females.

Females: Larger, immobile gametes. They produce less gametes than males.

Science (9 decks)

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