Cell Biology Flashcards
What is the equation to work out the real size of an object?
Real size=image size/magnification
What 5 things are found in an animal cell
- Cell Membrane
- Ribosome
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls what enters and exits the cell
What is the function of the ribosome?
Produces protein for the cell.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Reaction controlled by enzymes.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls what happened in the cell
What is the function of the Mitochondria
Provides energy from respiration.
What are the extra 3 things in a plant cell?
- Chloroplast
- Cell Wall
- Vacuole
What is the function of the chloroplast
Where photosynthesis takes place
What is the function of the cell wall
Strengthens and contain cellulose
What is the function of the vacuole
Contains cell sap
What is a eukaryotic cell?
They have a cell membrane cytoplasm and genetic material, enclosed within a nucleus
What is a prokaryotic cell?
It is much smaller they have cytoplasm, a cell wall and a cell membrane the DNA is not included in the nucleus – it is a loop
What do you do if you want to increase the measurement (m-Tm)
What do you do if you want to decrease the measurement (m-Tm)
Divide by 1000
Multiply by 1000
What do you do if you want to increase the measurement (m-Pm)
What do you do if you want to decrease the measurement (m-Pm)
Multiply by 1000
Divide by 1000
What is the function of red blood cells?
How is it adapted
Transports oxygen
No nucleus to maximise space in side
What is the function of the nerve cell?
How is it adapted?
Sends electrical signals to brain
Long and thin to ensure they can reach all parts of the body
What is the function of the sperm?
How is it adapted?
Fertilises the egg
Lots of mitochondria to produce energy
What is the function of the ciliates cell
How is it adapted
Removes mucus
Flagella (tiny hairs) allows them to beat move mucus
What is the function of the muscle cell
How is it adapted
To contract to allow movement
Contains fibres that can slide over each other’s allow muscle to contract
What is the function of the palisade
How is it adapted
Absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis
Rectangle shape allows cells to be tightly packed
What is a stem cell
A stem cell is a cell that hasn’t become a specialised cell
Other features of a stem cell:
- can replicate many times
- has the potential to become different types of cells
Give advantages and disadvantages for an adult stem cell
Advantage: Tissues created have a less chance of being rejected
Disadvantage:multi potency means there is a limit to what it can become
