Cell Biology Flashcards
Define Magnification
The action of enlarging the physical apperance of something.
Define a Prokaryotic Cell
They have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Mainly unicellular organisms. Smaller than eukaryotic cells.
Define a Eukaryotic Cell
They have major organelles contained with membranes. They have a proper nucleus and usually have mitochondria and cytoplasm. Bigger than prokaryotic cells.
Define Hypertonic
Higher solute concentration.
Define Hypotonic
Lower solute concentration.
Define Isotonic
Equal solute concentration.
Define Osmosis
The movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
Define Diffusion
When particles spread from a high concentration to a low concentration until it is equally distributed.
Define Mitosis
The type of cell division that leads to growth and repair. Two new cells form that are both identical.
What happens during the Metaphase?
The copied chromosomes align in the middle of the spindle.
What happens during the Anaphase?
Chromosomes seperate into two genetically identical groups and move to opposite ends of the spindle.
What happens during the Telophase?
Nuclear membranes form around each of the two sets of chromosomes, the chromosomes begin to spread out and the spindle begins to break down.
What happens during the Cytokinesis stage?
The cell splits into two daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent.
List three factors that affect diffusion
Heat Force Temperature Concentration Gradient Distance the particles must travel
List three factors that make diffusion faster
Larger Concentration
Higher Temperature
Shorter Distance
