Cell Biology Flashcards
Definition of a hypotonic cell
A cell which is more concentrated than its surroundings
Another word for describing a hypotonic cell
Turgid
Definition of an isotonic cell
A cell which has an equal concentration as its surroundings
Another word for describing a isotonic cell
Flaccid
Definition of a hypertonic cell
A cell which is more dilute than its surroundings
Another word for describing a hypertonic cell
Plasmolysed
Definition of diffusion
Where a gas or a liquid moves into a space of lower concentration
Definition of active transport
A process in which dissolved molecules move across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. This requires additional energy from the cell
Definition of osmosis
A special case of diffusion where water moves from a more concentrated solution into a cell or out of one
Nucleus -
Controls the activity of the cell
Mitochondria -
Aerobic respiration occurs here releasing energy
Chloroplast -
Light energy is absorbed & changed into food by photosynthesis
Ribosome -
Proteins are made (synthesised) here
Cell wall -
Strengthens the cell and made of cellulose
Vacuole -
Full of cell sap & maintains shape
Cell membrane -
Controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm -
This is where most reactions take place
Resolution in a microscope -
The shortest distance between two points on a specimen that can still be distinguished by the observer (or camera) as separate entities
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a nucleus?
E
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a cytoplasm
E & P
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a slime capsule
P
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a cell wall
E - sometimes & P
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a flagella
E - sometimes & P
Which type(s) of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) have a plasmid
P
