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Health Sciences > Cell Biology > Flashcards

Cell Biology Flashcards

1
Q

PROMARYOTES

A

No true nucleus or membrane bound organelles

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2
Q

EUKARYOTES

A

True nucleus and membrane bound organelles (humans, plants and animals)

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3
Q

CELL MEMBRANE

A

Selectively permeable outer covering

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4
Q

CYTOPLASM

A

Fluid component within the cell, mostly water (jelly like)

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5
Q

NUCLEUS

A

Control center of the cell

Chromatin-dissolved form of genetic material within the nucleus

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6
Q

NUCLEOLUS

A

Condensed center of nucleus

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7
Q

RIBOSOMES

A

Protein synthesis

May be free-floating in cytoplasm of embedded in ER

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8
Q

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

A

Canal like transportation network
Smooth ER-produces cell membrane
Rough ER- embedded with ribosomes; produces proteins

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9
Q

GOLGI APPARATUS

A

Packages glycoproteins to transport out of the cell

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10
Q

MITOCHONDRIA

A

“Power house” of the cell

Produces majority of ATP via aerobic pathways

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11
Q

VACUOLES

A

Storage containers for food and water within the cell

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12
Q

LYSOSOMES

A

Sacs of digestive enzymes to engulf foreign materials or worn out organelles

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13
Q

CILIA

A

Hair like extension of the membrane

Surface organelle

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14
Q

FLAGELLA

A

Single long tail like extension of the membrane (sperm)

Surface organelle

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15
Q

DIFFUSION

A

Movement across membrane from higher to lower concentration

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16
Q

MITOSIS

A

Asexual reproduction of cells

17
Q

PROPHASE

A

First and longest stage of mitosis.

Chromatin condenses into paired chromatids held together by centromere. Nucleus disappears

18
Q

METAPHASE

A

Second phase of mitosis.

Chromatids line up along center of cells, spindle fibers attach

19
Q

ANAPHASE

A

Third phase of mitosis.

Spindle fibers shorten, chromatids are pulled apart amen chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cells

20
Q

TELOPHASE

A

Genetic information returns to chromatids. New nuclei form

21
Q

FILTRATION

A

Hydrostatic pressure forces certain substances through the membrane while other substances get trapped behind. (Filtered out)

Health Sciences (4 decks)

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