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GCSE Biology - AQA > Cell Biology > Flashcards

Cell Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name given to cells with a nucleus?

A

Eukaryotic cells

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2
Q

What is the name given to cells without a nucleus?

A

Prokaryotic cells

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3
Q

What is the difference between animal cells and plant cells regarding organelles

A

Permanent vacuole
Cell wall
chloroplasts

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4
Q

What are the organelles in an animal cell?

A

Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria

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5
Q

What is the role of a nucleus?

A

Store genetic information

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6
Q

What is the role of the mitochondria?

A

RELEASE energy through the process of respiration

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6
Q

What is the role of the ribosomes?

A

Responsible for protein synthesis

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6
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane?

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell

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7
Q

What is the role of the cytoplasm?

A

Where chemical reactions take place in the cell

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8
Q

What is the role of the permanent vacuole?

A

Store cell sap (a store of nutrients of nutrients for the cell)

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9
Q

What is the role of the cell wall?

A

Made of cellulose and strengthens the plant cell

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10
Q

What is the role of the chloroplasts?

A

RELEASE energy through the process of photosynthesis

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11
Q

List 5 differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells

A

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular while eukaryotic cells make up multi-cellular organisms.
Eukaryotic cells are larger.
DNA is stored in the nucleus in eukaryotic cells while it is stored in single loops (plasmids) in the cytoplasm for prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes.
Prokaryotic cells don’t contain mitochondria

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12
Q

Name 3 specialised animal cells.

A

Sperm cells
Nerve cells
Muscle cells

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13
Q

Name 3 specialised plant cells.

A

Root hair cells
Xylem cells
Phloem cells

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14
Q

What happens when a cell differentiates?

A

It acquires a different sub-cellular structure to enable it to carry out a certain function. This cell has now became a specialised cell.

15
Q

When do animal cells differentiate?

A

Early in the life.

16
Q

When do plant cells differentiate?

A

Throughout the life.

17
Q
A

GCSE Biology - AQA (8 decks)

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