Cell Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

what do an egg and sperm cell form?

A

A zyogt

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2
Q

what are the inner cells of the embryo called?

A

Embryonic stem cell

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3
Q

where are stem cells found?

A

stem cells can be found in embryos, liver, blood, brain, muscle and bone marrow

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4
Q

Do all cells divide and replace themself?

A

No they dont, most do but

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5
Q

where can you find stem cells in plants?

A

stem cells are found in the meristem

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6
Q

why do people clone plants?

A

reasons that people clone plants:
so rare plants don’t die out
to produce identical plants for research
to produce a large amount of identical plants with special feature e.g disease resistance.

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7
Q

what do scientist hope they will be able to do with stem cells?

A

scientist hope that stem cells helps with type one diabetes, paralysis and hopefully be able to produce a whole new organs.

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8
Q

how many cells do scientists estemate adults have?

A

scientists estimate that you will have around 37.2 trillion (15-100t)

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9
Q

why aren’t all the cells in your body the same?

A

not all the cells in your body are not the same as your original cells because they keep growing and dividing as you grow they start to defrentiate.

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10
Q

in early development of plants and animals embryos they are unspecialized, what are they called?

A

they are called stem cells.

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11
Q

why are stem cells unspecialised at the beginning of an animal and plant life?

A

they are unspecialised so that they can turn into any cell needed

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12
Q

At what point in the growth of a baby are most of the cells specialised?

A

most of the its cells have specialized quite early on and have jobs to carry out before the baby is born.

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13
Q

what is the name of the process the cells go to divide?

A

the name of the process of cell division is called mitosis

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14
Q

why does mitosis happen?

A

mitosis happens so that dead or damaged cells can be replaced

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15
Q

how do red blood cells and skin cells replace dead and damaged cells, because they can’t be divided with mitosis?

A

when red blood cells or skin cells get damaged or dead cells, adult stem cells will replace them.

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16
Q

what cell can not be divided by mitosis or be replaced with adult stem cells?

A

nerve cells cannot be replaced or divided by mitosis.

17
Q

how much growth takes place in a fully grown animal?

A

little to no growth takes place in a fully grown animal

18
Q

when does cell division happen in adults?

A

cell division only happens in adults to replace old cells and damaged cells and only divided to make the same type of cell

19
Q

What kind of cell is a bacteria?

A

Bacteria is a prokaryotic cell, is has its DNA in form of loops(not in a nucleus) and often contains plasmids. It also only contains one cell.

20
Q

What kind of cells are plants and animals?

A

Most plants and animals are multicellular and eukaryotic. Meaning that they have multiple cells and have a nucleus.

21
Q

What is differentiation?

A