Cell Biology Flashcards
What happens when enzymes are denatured
When enzymes are denatured the amino acids break and the shape of the active site changes so the substrate no longer fits
what is an enzymes role?
Enzymes speed up the rate of all biochemical reactions. They allow Biochemical reactions to proceed rapidly at the relatively low temperatures.
Where are enzymes found?
Enzymes are found in living cells.
Name three structures or parts shown to be present in a plant cell and animal/human cell 
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Name a structure that would be found in a plant cells but not in a root cell
Chloroplasts.
Name a substance added to make cell structures more visible when viewing with microscope
Stain
What’s the one with the blood cells can fight infection?
By engulfing bacteria and producing antibodies.
What substance forms blood clots ?
protein
Name the raw materials of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What is the green chemical which plants need to carry for photosynthesis called?
Chlorophyll
What are chemical substance are enzymes made of?
enzymes are made of protein/amino acids
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a material that speeds up the chemical reaction while remaining unchanged
Give an example of a geneticallly engineered Protein and what Is it used for?
Insulin and that is used to treat diabetes.
What is meant by the term synthesis reaction?
Smaller substrate molecules are built up into larger products.
 how would a change in the DNA affect a protein?
There would be a difference in structure/shape
Describe how the type of protein is coded for by DNA
Sequence of bases
What are stem cells
Stem cells are master cells of the body they can divide by mitosis and they are not specific
What does a gene do
A gene controlls cell activities and contains genetic information that codes for certain proteins
What does the nucleus do
controlls all cell sctivity including cell devision
What are Chromosomes
Thread like structures that carry genetic information
What are the base pairs
A = T
C = G
What determins the sequence of amino acids
The sequence of bases on the DNA determines the sequence of amino acids
What does a train or a code carry
A gene or a code
Carries instructions to make a particular protein
What is it about bacteria that allow them to Produce insulin quickly
The bacteria reproduces quickly
How does mitosis insures that the daughter cells will be able to function properly
So no genetic information is lost
