Cell Biology

Question 1

What proteins are abnormal in HCM

Answer 1

Beta myosin heavy chain (most common) - presents earlier in life
Myosin binding protein C - presents later in life
Other mutations include those on troponin I and T

Question 2

Helicase mutations - syndromes associated

Answer 2

Xeroderma pigmentosum

Cockayne syndrome

Question 3

IgA deficiency - diseases associated

Answer 3

Coeliac
Transfusion reactions
IgA nephropathy
Myeloma

Question 4

Complement

• c1 inhibitor deficiency
• C3 deficiency
• C4 deficiency

Answer 4

• c1 esterase inhibitor deficiency - hereditary angio-oedema
• C3 deficiency - bacterial infection
• C4 deficiency - SLE, angio-oedema between attacks

Question 5

Cell cycle phases

Answer 5

G0: rest phase - no growth (lasts hours-years)
G1: cell starts making proteins to get ready to divide (lasts 20-30 hours)
S: synthesis of DNA (lasts 15-20 hours)
G2: phase just before mitosis (lasts 2-10 hours)
M: mitosis, cell divides. Lasts 30-60 minutes

Chemotherapy agents may work on any of these phases except G0
Cyclophosphamide works on all the phases

Question 6

SNOW DROP mnemonic

Answer 6

Southern DNA*
Northern RNA*
O O
Western Proteins

*PCR testing can be use for this also

Question 7

Foam cells

Answer 7

M2 macrophages, part of atherosclerosis