Cell as a Unit of Health and Disease Flashcards
Specialized tye of “grinder” that selectively chews up denatured proteins, releasing peptides
Proteasomes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
It synthesizes new proteins for the plasma membrane
Rough endoplasmic reticulum(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
Abundant in liver and gonads where it is used for steroid hormone and lipoprotein synthesis, and modification of hydrophobic compounds into water-soluble molecules
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
Intracellular organelles that contain degradative enzymes that permit digestion of macromolecules
Lysosomes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
Cell organelle that break down fatty acids, generating hydrogen peroxide in the process
Peroxisomes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
The ability of cells to adopt a particular shape, maintain polarity, organize relationship of intracellular organelles, and move about depends on this intracellular scaffolding of proteins
Cytoskeleton(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.10
It shuttles internalized material to the appropriate intracellular siters or direct newly synthesized materials to the cell surface or targeted organelle.
Endosomal vesicles(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
Source of ATP and metabolic intermediates needed for anabolic metabolism, site of heme synthesis, and contain important sensors of cell damaga that can initiate and regulate the process of programmed cell death.
Mitochondria(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.6
Water and carbon dioxide diffuse across the cell lipid bilayers through what process (type of diffusion)
Passive membrane diffusion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.9
The process by which large molecules are exported from cells.
Exocytosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.9
The movement of endocytosed vesicles between the apical and basolateral compartments of cells for transferring large amount of protein across epithelial barrier and rapid movement of large volumes of solute.
Transcytosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.9
Non-coated plasma membrane invagination (“little caves”) associated with cAMP, GPI-linked molecules, SRC-family kinases, and folate receptor.
Caveolae(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.9
A fluid-phase process during which the plasma membrane invaginates and is pinched off to form a cytoplasmic vesicle.
Pinocytosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.9
Major uptake mechanism for macromolecules such as transferrin and LDL, which bind to receptors localized in clathrin coated pits.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p.20
Most abundant cytosolic protein in cells.
Actin(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p. 11
They serve as connecting cables for “molecular motor” proteins that use ATP to move vesicles, organelles, or other molecules.
Microtubules(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed. p. 11