Cell Anatomy Lab Flashcards
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell
How many cells are estimated to be in the human body?
Nearly 75 trillion
What organelle is responsible for ribosome production within the nucleus?
Nucleolus
What is the role of the cell membrane?
Defines the boundary of the cell and regulates material exchange
What is the structure of the cell membrane commonly referred to?
Lipid bilayer or plasma membrane
What does the term ‘cytosol’ refer to?
The intracellular fluid within the cell
What are the two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum?
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the function of lysosomes?
Vesicles containing powerful enzymes for digestion
What are the phases of mitosis?
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
What is the function of mitochondria?
Major site of ATP formation (‘power plant’)
Fill in the blank: If a cell contains less solute materials than the surrounding extracellular fluid, then the ECF is ______ compared to the cytosol of the cell.
hypotonic
Fill in the blank: Osmosis will occur and water will move _____ the extracellular fluid.
from
True or False: Diffusion cannot occur across animal cell membranes.
False
Match the structure: Smooth ER
A. sorts and ships cellular components
Match the structure: Centrioles
M. involved in mitosis
Match the structure: Ribosome
I. site for protein synthesis
What are spindle fibers?
Structures that help separate chromosomes during mitosis
What structure houses DNA within the cell?
Nucleus
Fill in the blank: The ______ is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
cell membrane
What is the role of secretory vesicles?
Transport materials out of the cell
What is chromatin?
Complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus
What is the function of the nuclear envelope?
Separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm
What are peroxisomes responsible for?
Breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances
What are centrioles?
Cylindrical structures involved in cell division