Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dental School Prep > Cell Anatomy > Flashcards

Cell Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What does nucleus contain? 2 Things

A

Nuclei Acids (RNA & DNA), Proteins (Enzymes & Histones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nucleic Acids are polymers of what?

A

Nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nucleotides consist of what 3 parts?

A

Phosphate, Sugar, and Base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What two nucleic acid bases are purines?

A

Adenine and Guanine (PURe As Gold)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two types of nucleic acid bases?

A

Purines and Pyrimidines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which two important DNA processes take place in the Nucleus?

A

Replication & Transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Translation takes place where?

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is it called when DNA are with Proteins?

A

Chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When DNA is wrapped around 8 histones it is called what?

A

Nucleosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The lightly shaded area around the nucleolus is what?

A

Euchromatin (Transcriptionally Active)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The dark shaded area around the nucleolus is what?

A

Heterochromatin (Transcriptionally Inactive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The functional section of a chromosome are called what?

A

Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Karyotyping is the picture of what in a cell?

A

Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What makes the rough ER “rough”?

A

Ribosomes attached to the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which ER is responsible for detoxifying drugs, Smooth or Rough?

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which ER is responsible for the synthesis of membrane and secretory proteins, Smooth or Rough?

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which ER is responsible for the synthesis of steroids and lipids?

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which ER is rich in hepatocytes, adrenal cortical & gonadal cells?

A

Smooth ER, remember SER is responsible for synthesis of steroids and detoxification so this makes sense.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

For which destination are proteins tagged ny the phosphorylation of mannose inside the Golgi complex

A

Lysosome destination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is this?

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is this?

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is this?

A

Golgi Complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are these?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The Cytoskeleton is made up of microfilaments which are made up of _______ globules.

A

Actin globules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Microtubules are made up of _______.

A

Tubulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Explain Axonal Trafficking

A

When microtubules facilitate transport inside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dynein attaches to the microtubules to help in transportation in which direction?

A

Retrograde, toward the cell body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Kinesin attaches to the microtubules to help in transportation in which direction?

A

Anterograde, away from the cell body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is this?

A

Microtubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which is longer microvilli or cilia?

A

Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which is shorter microvilli or cilia?

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which is made of microfilaments, microvilli or cilia?

A

Microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which is made of microtubules, microvilli or cilia?

A

Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which type of specialized cell contact connects the base of the cell to the basement membrane?

A

Hemidesmosomes

35
Q

Provides structural integrity for the cell

A

Desmosomes

36
Q

Which junction prevents diffusion of molecules between cells?

A

Tight Junctions

37
Q

What are the arrows pointing at?

A

Hemidesmosomes

38
Q

What is this an image of?

A

A tight junction between two cells

39
Q

What are the four main types of tissue?

A

1) Connective
2) Epithelial
3) Muscular
4) Nervous

40
Q

Eosin and Haematoxylin are commonly used stains for which type of tissue?

A

Epithelial Tissue

41
Q

What color stain does Eosin produce?

A

Pink

42
Q

What color stain does Haematoxylin produce?

A

Blue

43
Q

What are the two types of stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

A

Keratinized and Non-keratinized

44
Q

The endothelium of blood vessels are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Squamous

45
Q

Alveoli of lungs are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Squamous

46
Q

The glomerular capsule is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Squamous

47
Q

The small and large intestine are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Columnar

48
Q

The stomach is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Columnar

49
Q

Respiratory and Reproductive tracts are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Columnar

50
Q

The ovaries are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Cuboidal

51
Q

Glands are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Cuboidal

52
Q

Kidney Tubules are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Cuboidal

53
Q

This image is of which type of ganglion?

A

Dorsal Root Ganglion

54
Q

What is the function of Nissl Bodies?

A

The functions of Nissl bodies are thought to be the same as those of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in general, primarily the synthesis and segregation of proteins. Similar to the ergastoplasm of glandular cells, Nissl bodies are the main site of protein synthesis in the neuronal cytoplasm.

55
Q

What is the difference between hyaline and articular cartilage?

A

Articular cartilage doesn’t have a superficial perichomdrium

56
Q

Fact Card: Superficial abrasions of the skin heal by a process of regeneration. Regeneration involves epithelial cell proliferation and migration. In brief, maturation of the epidermis requires an intact layer of basal stem cells that are in direct contact with one another. If this contact is disrupted, basal cells at the margin of the wound become activated. They proliferate and close the wound through cell migration. When epithelial continuity is reestablished, cell migration and cell division cease, and normal epidermal maturation resumes. This mechanism of epithelial growth regulation is referred to as “contact inhibition of growth and motility.” The epidermal basement membrane provides a crucial “road map” that guides basal stem cells during regeneration of the epithelium. The other choices describe responses to deep wounds that involve the formation of granulation tissue.

A
57
Q

The Pericardium, Pluera, and Peritoneum are composed of which type of epithelial tissue?

A

Simple Squamous

58
Q

What type of epithelium is this?

A

Transitional Epithelium, the roundish epithelium on top, and columnar epithelium on the bottom

59
Q

The ureter, renal pelvis, and bladder are the location of which type of epithelium?

A

Transitional Epithelium

60
Q

What type of epithelium is in the image?

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium in the stomach

61
Q

What type of epithelium is in the image?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium in the alveoli of lungs.

62
Q

Where in the body is this?

A

Stomach

63
Q

Where in the body is this?

A

Alveoli of lungs.

64
Q

What type of epithelium is in the image?

A

Pseudostratified Epithelium

65
Q

What type of epithelium is in the image?

A

Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium because you can see the

66
Q

What type of epithelium is in the image?

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium in a gland.

67
Q
A

Transitional Epithelium based on location

68
Q

Connective tissue can be divided into what two categories?

A

Intrinsic components and Migrant Cells

69
Q

What cell generates the fibers found within the interstitium fluid such as collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers?

A

Fibroblast

70
Q

Matrix/Ground substance within connective tissue is rich in what?

A

Proteoglycans (Proteins + Carbohydrates)

71
Q

What are proteoglycans composed of

A

A Protein and Carbohydrate

72
Q

What contains actin and myosin, and plays a key role in tissue repair/scar contraction?

A

Myofibroblasts

73
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Collagen Fibers

74
Q

Elastic Fibers are surrounded by what?

A

Fibrillin

75
Q

Elastic Fibers are digested by which enzyme?

A

Elastase

76
Q

The central core of elastic fibers is made of what?

A

Elastin

77
Q

Marfan syndrome is a defect in which component of elastic fibers?

A

Fibrillin

78
Q

Ehlers Danlos syndrome is a defect in the production of what?

A

Collagen Fibers

79
Q

In muscle tissue, actin interacts with ________ to produce a muscle contraction.

A

Myosin

80
Q

What muscle fiber component is represented by Number 1?

A

Epimysium

81
Q

What muscle fiber component is represented by Number 2?

A

Perimysium

82
Q

What muscle fiber component is represented by Number 3?

A

Endomysium

83
Q

What is the primary role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Stores Calcium

Dental School Prep (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions