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Teas Prep > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Ribosomes

A

synthesize proteins from amino acids

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2
Q

Golgi complex

A

synthesizes materials such as proteins that are transported outside of cell

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3
Q

Vacuoles

A

sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal

  • one large vacuole in plant cell
  • numerous in animal cells
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4
Q

Vesicle

A

small organelle with cell

has membrane and performs various functions including moving materials within a cell

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5
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

consists of microtubules that help shape and support cell

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6
Q

Microtubules

A

part of cytoskeleton that help support

made of protein

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7
Q

Cytosol

A

liquid material in cell
mostly water
contains floating molecules

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8
Q

Cytoplasm

A

cytosol and substructures (organelles) found within plasma membrane NOT in nucleus

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9
Q

Cell membrane

A

defines cell by acting as barrier

determines what exits in and out of cell

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10
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Rough- has ribosomes
Smooth- no ribosomes
comprises of transport system of cell
fused to nuclear membrane and extends through cytoplasm to cell membrane

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11
Q

Mitchrondrion (mitochrondria)

A

generates ATP
involved in cell growth and death
contain own dna separate from nucleus
contains mtDNA and ribosomes

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12
Q

Mitochondria functions

A

cell energy
cell signaling
cell differentiation- non differentiated cells transformed into cell with more specialized purpose
growth regulation- cell gets ready to reproduce and reproduces
Aerobic repiration occurs here

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13
Q

Matrix

A

enclosed by inner membrane of mitochondria

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14
Q

Folds

A

between inner and outer membrane of mitochondria

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15
Q

Centrosome

A

comprised of centrioles located at right angles yo each other and surround by proteins

involved in mitosis and cell cycle

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16
Q

Lysosome

A

digests lipids, proteins, and carbs

transports undigested substances to the cell membrane so they can be removed

shape of lysosome depends on material being transported

17
Q

Cilia

A

appendages extending from surface of cell

movement causes movement of cell, results in fluid being moved as well

18
Q

Flagella

A

tail-like structures on cells that use whip-like movement to help cell move

longer and not as numerous as cilia (cell usually only has 1 or 2)

19
Q

Nucleus

A

contains chromosomes

regulates DNA

in all eukaryotic cells

responsible for passing genetic traits between generations

20
Q

Chromosomes

A

highly condensed threadlike rods of DNA

21
Q

DNA

A

short for deoxyribonucleic acid

genetic material that stores info about plant/animal

22
Q

Chromatin

A

consists of DNA and protein to make up chromosomes (in nucleus)

23
Q

Nucleolus

A

structure contained with nucleus consists of protein

does not have membrane

involved in protein synthesis

synthesizes and stores RNA

24
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

encloses structures of nucleus

consists of inner and outer membrane (made of lipids)

25
Q

Nuclear pores

A

involved in exchanging of material between nucleus and cytoplasm

26
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

liquid in nucleus

*similar to cytoplasm

27
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

thin semipermeable membrane of lipids and proteins

28
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

A

aka double layer
w/hydrophilic ends of outer layer facing external
hydrophobic ends of inner layer facing inside of cell

29
Q

Cholesterol

A

cell membrane add stiffness and flexibility

30
Q

Glycolipids

A

help cell recognize other cells of organisms

31
Q

Proteins (in relation to cell)

A

give cell membrane shape

special protein helps cell communicate w/external environment

other proteins transport molecules across cell membrane

32
Q

Selective permeability

A

cell membrane allows small molecule to diffuse through it *regard to size, charge, and solubility

33
Q

Cell cycle

A

cell reproduces

cell growth, duplication of genetic material, and cell division

34
Q

Mitosis

A

process which cell replicate, daughter cell is exact replica of parent cell

35
Q

Meiosis

A

process which cells divide, daughter celld have different genetic coding than parent cell

*only happens in specialized reproductive cells call gamates

Teas Prep (1 decks)

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