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BSCI 4001 > CELL > Flashcards

CELL Flashcards

Review for 1st Term Exam.

1
Q

Who coined the term Cell?

A

Robert Hooke

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2
Q

What is the units of all living organism?

A

CELL

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3
Q

All living things are made up of cell?

A

CELL THEORY

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4
Q

What is the study of cell?

A

CYTOLOGY

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5
Q

Who discover the microscope?

A

Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Janssen

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6
Q

Cells can only arise from preexisting cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

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7
Q

First who witness a live cell under a microscope; BACTERIA

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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8
Q

Discover the description of the nucleus in 1831?

A

Robert Brown

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9
Q

In 1838 who claimed that all plants are made up of cell?

A

Matthias Schleiden

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10
Q

In 1840, all animals are made up of cell

A

Theodor Schwann

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11
Q

What do you call the SINGLE CELLED ORGANISM

A

Unicellular

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12
Q

More than a one cell

A

Multicellular

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13
Q

It has no structures by membranes and consist of one celled oragnaism like bacteria

A

PROKARYOTIC

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14
Q

What type o a cell has the nucleus bound by the membrane?

A

Eukaryotic

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15
Q

What are the arichetural region of PROKARYOTIC

A
  1. Cell Envelope
  2. Cytoplasmic Region
  3. Appendages
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16
Q

Contains the chlorophyll

A

Chloroplast

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17
Q

Sacs of storage digestion and waste removal that also stores and absorb water

A

Vacuoles

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18
Q

The suicide bag that transports undigested material

A

Lysosome

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19
Q

Move materials in the cell?

A

Golgi bodies

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20
Q

The powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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21
Q

Site of the proteins ; Synthesizing

A

Ribosomes

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22
Q

Moves materials around the cell?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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23
Q

Two types of ER? Elaborate.

A

Smooth Type: has no ribosomes builds and regulates calcium and helps break down toxic compounds
Rough Type: has ribosomes that creates and exports non toxic compound

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24
Q

Gel like mixture has 70% of the cell volume

A

Cytosol

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25
Q

Responsible for breaking down waste and has the molecule such as enzymes

A

Cytoplasm

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26
Q

Nucleus made of DNA

A

Chromosomes

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27
Q

RNA is made

A

Nucleolus

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28
Q

Surround by the nuclues

A

Nuclear Membrane

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29
Q

Direct cell activities that contains genetic material like DNA

30
Q

Supports and protocets

31
Q

Controls the movement in an out

A

Cell membrane

32
Q

Consist of chemical reactions

A

Metabolism

33
Q

Make simplier compounds

34
Q

Building complex molecules or compounds

35
Q

Carry out photosynthesis

A

Autotrophs

36
Q

Cannot own produce foods

A

Heterotrophs

37
Q

Mechanical, transport and chemical work

A

Adenosine triphosphate

38
Q

Occurs in cytoplasm which is glucose is broken down

A

Glycolysis

39
Q

Breaks down pyruvate into C02

A

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

40
Q

Atp is the synthesised

34 Atp

A

Electron Transport Chain

41
Q

Produces two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

42
Q

Division that results in two daughter cells each with half the chromosome

43
Q

There are 4 sister chromatids that move together that crossing over variation between individuals

A

Prophase I

44
Q

Leptotene

A

First substage of phropase I which is the chromosomes are not fully developed and condensed

45
Q

Homologous chromosomes begin to unite to form tedtrads

46
Q

Group of four produced

47
Q

Also known as pachynema

48
Q

Synapses chromosomes contain four threads

49
Q

Bivalents attain maximal attraction and are distributed throughout the nucleus

A

Diakenesis

50
Q

Pair of synapsed chromosomes the nucleolus disappears

51
Q

Homologous pairs are lined up next to each other along the equatorial plate

A

Metaphase I

52
Q

Homologous pairs are now separated

A

Anaphase I

53
Q

The nucleus membrabe may or may not reform depending on the species but in any case, cytokenesis is does occur that results in two new cells

A

Telophase I

54
Q

Follows after telophase I and cytokenesis

Number of chromosomes end up with a total of 4

A

Meiosis II

55
Q

Formation of sex cells

A

Gametogenesis

56
Q

Formation of sperm cells

A

Spermatogenesis

57
Q

Formation of egg cell (ovum)

58
Q

Groups of cells with a common structure and function that makes a organ system

59
Q

Arranged in flat sheets and cover the internal organs that is exposed to the “external environment”

A

Epithelial

60
Q

Outer covering of lungs and inner lining

61
Q

Abdominal organs and the inner lining of it

A

Peritoneum

62
Q

Outer lining of the heart

A

Pericardium

63
Q

3 Stages of MITOSIS

A

G1 Phase
G2 Phase
S Phase

64
Q

In the M-PHASE what is the chromosomes that condense and become visible?

65
Q

For growth and preparation

A

Interphase

66
Q

The chromosomes have lined up in the middle

67
Q

Chromosomes that separated and moving towards the pole

68
Q

The chromosomes are at the pole and are becoming diffuse

69
Q

The chromosomes are at the pole and are becoming diffuse

70
Q

The inner living of the heart all blood and lymphatic vessels

A

Endothelia

BSCI 4001 (1 decks)

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