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Physiology > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

0
Q

Cell classification. Known to reproduce only when necessary. (e.g. Liver)

A

Quiescent/Stable cells

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1
Q

Cell classification. Known for continuous reproduction. (e.g. Skin)

A

Labile cell

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2
Q

Cell classification. Can no longer reproduce once matured. (e.g. Neurons)

A

Permanent cells

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3
Q

Substance that makes up the entire cell

A

Protoplasm

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4
Q

Components of the protoplasm + their percentages

A 
Water: 70-80%
Proteins: 10-20%
Lipids: 2%
Ions
Carbohydrates
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5
Q

2 types of proteins in the protoplasm + 1 example of each

A

Structural: cytoskeleton
Globular: enzymes

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6
Q

Contains DNA, Histones, & chromosomes. Has a nucleolus

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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8
Q

Involved in detoxification, lipid synthesis

A

Smooth(agranular) endoplasmic reticulum

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9
Q

Synthesizes proteins bound for the cell membrane, lysosomes, and out of the cells

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes

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10
Q

For packaging, molecular tagging, and synthesis of hyaluronic acid and chomdroitin sulfate

A

Golgi apparatus

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11
Q

Molecular tag for lysosomes bound substances

A

Mannose-6-phosphate

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12
Q

Contains proenzymes, neurotransmitters, and replenishes the cell membrane components

A

Secretory vesicles

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13
Q

For regression of tissues and autolysis.

A

Lysosomes

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14
Q

For synthesis of proteins bound for the cytoplasm and mitochondria

A

Free floating ribosomes

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15
Q

Degrades membrane associated proteins; not membrane bound.

A

Proteosomes

16
Q

Contains oxidases, catalases; for detoxification

A

Peroxisomes

17
Q

Function of the nucleolus

A

Site of transcription and processing of rRNA

18
Q

Unique points about the mitochondria

A

Mitochondrial DNA does not follow the genetic code
Mitochondrial DNA is maternally derived
Has it’s own exclusive biochemical pathways: beta oxidation, Krebs cycle

19
Q

The RER and SER are abundant on which organ?

A

Liver

20
Q

What are the subunits of eukaryotic ribosomes

A

40s, 60s

80s

21
Q

What are the subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes

A

30s, 50s

70s

22
Q

Specialized SER in the skeletal muscle

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

23
Q

Specialized RER in the neuron

A

Nissl substance

24
Q

Only substance modified in the RER and not the Golgi apparatus

A

Collagen

25
Q

Formula for collagen

A

Glycine-x-y
X: hydroxy
Y: proline/lysine

26
Q

Adds an OH to proline/lysine

A

Vitamin c

27
Q

Lysosomes come from which organelles

A

Golgi apparatus

28
Q

Peroxisimes come from which organelles

A

SER

29
Q

Wear and tear pigment that accumulates in lysosomes

A

Lipofuscin

30
Q 
Microvilli
Locomotion of macrophages
Muscle
Zonula adherens
Zonula occludens
A

Actin/ microfilaments

31
Q

Keratin
Neurofilaments
Desmosomes
Hemidesmosomes

A

Intermediate filaments

32
Q

Flagella
Cilia
Centrioles
Mitotic spindle

A

Microtubules

Physiology (11 decks)

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