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BIOLOGY > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The —— are called the suicidal bags.

A

lysosomes

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2
Q

Longest cells are ———.

A

nerve cells

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3
Q

——– are colourless plastids.

A

leucoplasts

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4
Q

The most important part of the cell is ———-.

A

nucleus

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5
Q

——– is a Prokaryotic cell.

A

cyanobacteria

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6
Q

The —— is the structural and functional unit of all living beings.

A

cell

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7
Q

The total living substance of a cell is called the ——-.

A

protoplasm

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8
Q

Cell parts having a definite shape, structure and definite function are called ——-.

A

organelles

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9
Q

Chromosomes are composed of hereditary units called ——-.

A

genes

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10
Q

Cells containing a well-defined nucleus are called ——–.cells.

A

eukaryotic

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11
Q

———– are called the powerhouse of the cell.

A

mitochondria

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12
Q

———- pigment is not associated with Plastids.

A

anthocyanins

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13
Q

Function of Ribosomes is to bring about ——– synthesis.

A

protein

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14
Q

——– are found in animal cells only.

A

centrosomes

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15
Q

Cytoplasm + nucleus = ———–.

A

protoplasm

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16
Q

Define Cell.

A

The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living beings. It is the smallest part of the body of an organism which is capable of independent existence and of performing the essential functions of life.

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16
Q

Define Cell.

A

The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living beings. It is the smallest part of the body of an organism which is capable of independent existence and of performing the essential functions of life.

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17
Q

T/F
Every cell has it’s own life.

A

True

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18
Q

T/F
Every cell has it’s own life.

A

True

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19
Q

T/F
All organisms including ourselves, start life as a single cell called the EGG.

A

True

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20
Q

T/F
All organisms including ourselves, start life as a single cell called the EGG.

A

True

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21
Q

The first microscope was invented by a Dutch scientist __________

A

Antony Von Leeuwenhoek

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21
Q

The first microscope was invented by a Dutch scientist __________

A

Antony Von Leeuwenhoek

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22
Q

Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes consisted of _________ and were called ______

A

single biconvex lens,
simple microscopes

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22
Q

Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes consisted of _________ and were called ______

A

single biconvex lens,
simple microscopes

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23
Q

Simple microscopes had a magnifying power of up to ______ times.

A

200

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23
Q

Simple microscopes had a magnifying power of up to ______ times.

A

200

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24
Q

________ , and English scientist, developed a microscope by using _____ for achieving greater magnification

A

Robert Hooke,
Two lenses

25
Q

Robert Hooke’s microscopes were called ______ microscopes and had a magnifying power of about _______ times

A

Compound
2000

26
Q

In Hooke’s microscope the object to be seen was placed on the stage below and light from a/an _________ was thrown on it by means of a _____________

A

oil lamp,
concave mirror

26
Q

In Hooke’s microscope the object to be seen was placed on the stage below and light from a/an _________ was thrown on it by means of a _____________

A

oil lamp,
concave mirror

27
Q

___________ coined the term cells after examining a piece of _________- under _________

A

Robert Hooke
cork
Compound microscope

27
Q

___________ coined the term cells after examining a piece of _________- under _________

A

Robert Hooke
cork
Compound microscope

28
Q

The ordinary compound microscope uses light which is __________ to magnify the image

A

bent by glass lenses

29
Q

The ordinary compound microscope uses light which is __________ to magnify the image

A

bent by glass lenses

30
Q

The electron microscope can give a magnification of over ________ times and uses ___________ which are ____________ to magnify the image

A

200,000
beams of electrons
bent by magnets

31
Q

________, a German botanist, announced that _____________ and that _____________.

A

Matthias Schleiden
every plant is made up of a large number of cells
each of these cells performed various life processes

31
Q

________, a German botanist, announced that _____________ and that _____________.

A

Matthias Schleiden
every plant is made up of a large number of cells
each of these cells performed various life processes

32
Q

_________, a German zoologist, declared that ___________

A

Theodor Schwann
all animals and plants are composed of cells, which serve as a basic unit of structure and function

33
Q

________ made an addition to the cell theory by saying that ________________

A

Rudolf Virchow
all cells arise from pre-existing cells

34
Q

State the cell theory

A

The cell theory states three major points
1. The cell is the smallest unit of structure of all living things
2. The cell is the unit of function of all living things
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

35
Q

Larger an organism, ________ the number of cells in its body

A

greater

36
Q

Examples of single-celled organisms

A

Bacteria, amoeba, yeast

37
Q

Examples of few-celled organisms

A

Spirogyra, volvox

38
Q

Examples of multi-celled organisms

A

Human beings, mango

39
Q

Smallest cells

A

Bacteria

40
Q

Smallest cells in human body

A

Red blood cells

41
Q

Longest cells

A

Nerve cells

42
Q

Largest cells

A

Ostrich egg

43
Q

Why do cellls generally remain small in size?

A
  1. Different regions of a cell can communicate with each other rapidly for the cell to function effectively
  2. Cells have a larger surface area to volume ratio for greater diffusion of substances in and out of the cell
44
Q

_______ are circular and biconcave, to _________

A

Human red blood cells
pass through narrow capillaries and transport oxygen

44
Q

_______ are circular and biconcave, to _________

A

Human red blood cells
pass through narrow capillaries and transport oxygen

45
Q

White blood cells are ________ that can squeeze out through capillary walls

A

amoeboid

46
Q

Nerve cells are long to ____________

A

conduct impulse from distant parts of the body to the brain and vice-versa

47
Q

Muscle cells are ______ and ________ to pull or squeeze the parts

A

long
contractile

48
Q

_________ of _____ in the leaves are bean-shaped to open and close the pore

A

Guard cells
stomatal pore

49
Q

What are the three essential parts that a generalized cell consists of?

A

Cell membrane (plasma membrane)
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

50
Q

What are cell organelles?

A

Cell organelles are living parts of a cell having a definite shape, definite structure and definite function.

50
Q

What are cell organelles?

A

Cell organelles are living parts of a cell having a definite shape, definite structure and definite function.

51
Q

The permeability of the cell membrane is _______

A

selective

52
Q

The cell wall is ________ permeable and is made of _______

A

freely
cellulose

53
Q

The cell wall gives shape and a certain degree of _____ to cell

A

rigidity

54
Q

Cotton, jute and coconut fibres are the _____ of their dead cells

A

cell walls

55
Q

T/F
Cytoplasm is a semi-liquid substance and appears to be colourless, translucent and some what gelatinous

A

False
Cytoplasm is a semi-liquid substance and appears to be colourless, partly transparent and some what watery

55
Q

T/F
Cytoplasm is a semi-liquid substance and appears to be colourless, translucent and some what gelatinous

A

False
Cytoplasm is a semi-liquid substance and appears to be colourless, partly transparent and some what watery

56
Q

T/F
Living cytoplasm is always at rest

A

False
Living cytoplasm is always in some state of movement

57
Q

Each human body cell has _____ chromosomes

A

46

58
Q

Each human body cell has ______ of chromosomes

A

23 pairs

BIOLOGY (9 decks)

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