Cell

Question 1

What are the membranous components of Golgi complex

Answer 1

Cisternae or lamellae - flattened parallel sacs forming stacks. Convex( forming) and concave(maturing) faces

Small vescicles - arise from cisternae by budding

Tubules- like cisternae but highly branched

Question 2

Functions of Golgi complex

Answer 2

Extra and intracellular secretion

Glycosylation

Synthesis of polysaccharides

Sulphation

Plasma membrane And cell plate formation

Lipid and neurosecretory materials packaging

Acrosome and lysosome formation

Question 3

What are vacuoles

Answer 3

Single membrane bound compartments with cell sap ( organic and inorganic mixture) called tonoplasm
Membrane of vacuole called tonoplast

Question 4

What are ribosomes classified on?

Answer 4

Sedimentation coefficient

70s and 80 s

Question 5

What are polyribosomes

Answer 5

Ribosomes become aggregated linearly on a common mrna to form these

Question 6

Protective functions of ribosomes

Answer 6

Protect mrna from ribonucleases

Protect newly formed polypeptide chain passing through the tunnel in ribosomes

Question 7

What makes up the centrosome

Answer 7

The pair of centrioles called diplosome and clear area around them called centrosphere is together called the centrosome

Question 8

Functions of centrioles

Answer 8

Form mitotic poles in higher animals

Generate cilia and flagella

Produce new centrioles and basal bodies

In spermatozoa one centriole of a pair forms tail fibre

Question 9

Structure of cilia or flagella

Answer 9

Basal body from which a shaft arises

Framework of shaft called axoneme which is surrounded by a membrane enclosing matrix

2 central fibrils made of one microtubule each
And 9 peripheral fibrils made of two ellipsoid microtubules each( doublet)

Two arms arise from subfibril A

Arms of doublets made of protein dynein and arranged in clockwise manner

Question 10

Names of multinucleate cells in animals and plants

Answer 10

Syncytial cells formed by loss of cell boundaries during cell division

Coenocyte formed by repeated nuclear division without cytokinesis

Question 11

What is nucleoplasm

Answer 11

Transparent, dense, jelly like, granular and acidophilic

Question 12

What are chromosomes

Answer 12

Physical carriers of hereditary units.

Self duplicating nuclear filament with specific organisation and individuality

Question 13

Egs. Of minimum and max no. Of chromosomes

Answer 13

Haploid no. Is 2 in Haplopappus gracilis

2n is 2800 in fern ophiglossum reticulatum