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Celiac disease > Celiac Disease > Flashcards

Celiac Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common GI symptoms of celiac disease?

A

Bloating, diarrhea, abdominal pain, constipation, steatorrhea, indigestion

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2
Q

Common nutritional deficiency in celiac disease?

A

Anemia - iron, folate. Vitamins D and K.

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3
Q

What are symptoms associated with growth?

A

Short stature, delayed puberty

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4
Q

Extra-intestinal symptoms of celiac?

A

Arthritis, aphthous stomatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, osteoporosis/malasia, infertility/abortion, other autoimmune disease, especially T1DM, and thyroid. IgA deficiency

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5
Q

Neurologic symptoms associated with celiac?

A

Ataxia, epilepsy

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6
Q

Psychiatric symptoms associated with celiac?

A

Anxiety, depression

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7
Q

Aphthous stomatitis

A

cancer sores

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8
Q

IgA

A

Immunoglobulin found in mucosal surfaces, colostrum,

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9
Q

Ataxia

A

Lack of muscle coordination

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10
Q

Tissue transglutaminase

A

An enzyme found in the lamina propria of the small bowel. It deamidates glutamine residues in gluten to form glutamic acid.

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11
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis

A

Is caused by exposure to gluten, a cutaneous manifestation of small intestinal immune mediated enteropathy. IgA is deposited in-between the derma-epidermal layer. Pruritic papulovesicular rash, generally on the buttocks, elbows, knees.

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12
Q

What 3 antibodies are tested for to diagnose CD?

A

anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG), anti-endomysium (EMA), anti-deamidated gliadin peptides (DGP)

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13
Q

silent CD

A

Adult. Positive serology, positive biopsy, no symptoms

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14
Q

latent CD

A

Adult. +/-serology. normal biopsy. May have no symptoms, or GI &/or extra-intestinal symptoms, have have gluten dependent enteropathy at some point in their life.

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15
Q

potential CD

A

Any age. positive serology, negative biopsy, may or may not have symptoms

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16
Q

What histological changes occur to the mucosa in CD

A

villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes

17
Q

“typical” celiac disease

A

Toddler, young child. GI symptoms. + serology, +biopsy

18
Q

“atypical” CD

A

Older child, adult. Mostly extra-intestinal symptoms. +serology, +biopsy,

19
Q

What 3 grains contain gluten?

A

wheat, barley, rye

20
Q

What 3 serological test are used to diagnosis CD?

A

Anti-human tissue transglutaminase, IgA endomysial antibody immunofluorescence, and immunoglobulin IgA

21
Q

What is the estimated prevalence of CD in the US?

A

1 in 133

22
Q

What is the prolamin in barley?

A

hordein

23
Q

What is the prolamin in wheat?

A

gliadin

24
Q

What is the prolamin in rye?

A

secalin

25
Q

Prolamins

A

glutamine rich storage proteins found in the endosperm of grain.

26
Q

What are the most common vitamin/mineral deficiencies in CD?

A

Vit D, calcium, iron, folate

27
Q

What is the classic presentation of CD

A

weight loss, fatigue, diarrhea

28
Q

Triticale

A

Hybrid of wheat and rye; contains gluten

29
Q

All varieties of wheat must be avoided. What are they?

A

Einkorn, emmer, spelt, kamut

30
Q

What are other forms of wheat that must be avoided?

A

Wheat starch*, wheat bran, wheat germ, cracked wheat, hydrolyzed wheat protein.

31
Q

What is the current FDA proposal concerning wheat starch?

A

Foods made with wheat starch may be labeled gluten-free if they contain less than 20ppm.

32
Q

What grains may be included in the diet?

A

Rice, corm, amaranth, quinoa, tef, millet, finger millet, sorghum, montina (indian rice grass), arrowroot, buckwheat, flax, Job’s tears, sago, potato, soy, legumes, mesquite, tapioca, wild rice, cassava (manioc), yucca, nuts, seeds.

33
Q

What is the prolamin in oats?

A

avenin

34
Q

What is a safe level of oats for CD patients to consume?

A

50g dry oats per day

35
Q

Other terms for wheat?

A

flour, white flour, plain flour, bromated flour, enriched flour, phosphates flour, self-rising flour, Durum, farina, semolina, graham flour.

36
Q

What foods are derived from barley?

A

Beer, ale, porter, stout. Malt, malt syrup/extract. Malt beverages, milk, vinegar.

Celiac disease (1 decks)

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