CECA Flashcards
rotation
an object spinning on it’s axis
revolution
an object moving around the other
How many rotations does earth do in 365 1/4
1, it creates our year
the suns rays are least direct near the _
poles
the earth tilts
23 1/2 degrees
The earths tilt causes
seasons
summer solsist
June 21, longer days, more direct rays
winter solsist
December 21, shorter days, less direct rays
vernal equidox
march 21, 12 hours daylight, 12 hours of darkness
autamal equidox
september 21, 12 hours of daylight, 12 hours of darkness
precession causes
the earth to wobble on axis
26,00 years from
Polaris to Vega and back
force
a push or pull
gravity
a force that attracts all objects toward each other
the strength of the force of gravity depends on
. the masses of the objects 2. the distance between the objects
mass
weight of an object
weight
the force of gravity on an onject
inertia
tendency of objects to resist change in motion
half of the moon is illuminated
at all times
inertia
tendency of objects to resist change in motion
we only see one side of the moon because
it revolves at the same rate that it rotates
the phase of the moon you see is caused by
the angle of the earth, moon, and sun
left side of the moon
waning
right side of the moon
waxing
eclipse
when a moon or planet blocks the other from the sun causing a shadow
solar eclipse
the moon casts a shadow on the earth
lunar eclipse
the earth casts a shadow on the moon
tides
the rise and fall of ocean water every 12.5 hoursish
tides are caused by
the pull of the moon on different parts of the earth
tides occur
about 2 times a day
spring tides
the sun and the moon are lined up with the earth causing really high, high tides and really low, low tides.
neep tides
the sun and the moon are pulling on the earth at a right angle to each other so there is not much difference between high and low tides
craters
large depressions in the surface of the moon caused by fast objects hittion it.
maria
(plural for mare) the dark more flat spots on the moon caused by large basalt (lava) floods after a meteor hit the moon
regolith
a layer of gray crushed rock from many meteoroids hitting the moons surface
highlands
mountain ranges on the moon
moons changes
very little
no atmosphere or liquid water means no weathering and erosion like the earth has.
temp. ranges from -270 at night to 253 during day.
moons origin
theia hit the earth and ejected material that joined together and made the moon
what is air made up of
nitrogen 78%
oxygen 21%
other 1%
ozone
protects us from u.v radiation
atmosphere
a thin layer of mostly gases that provides us with gases to live and protection from harmful radiation and rocks in space
why does air have pressure
because it has mass
barometer
measures air pressure
density formula
density = mass divided by volume
layers of atmosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
pollutants
are the harmful substances in the air, water, and soil
natural pollutants
forest fires, soil erosion, dust storms, wind carrying molds and pollen, and erupting volcanoes.
man made pollutants
farming, construction, burning fossil fuels almost 1/2 of pollution comes from us
dangerous gases
carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfer oxides, sulfer oxides, ozone
acid rain
nitrogen oxides and sulfer oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfer acid
epa
environmental protection agency
convection
heat rises because it is less dense than cool air
the transfer of heat from/through motion of fluid
conduction
transfer of heat through objects touvhing
radiation
transfer of heat through space
convetion currents
in the atmosphere transfer heat and moderate temp.
climate classification
climates are classified by 2 major factors
precipitation
temp.
occluded front
warm air mass is caught between 2 cold air masses and forced up and creates precipatation.
cold front
cold air mass moving into a warmer air mass
stationary front
a warm air mass slides past a cold air mass
warm front
warm air mass moving into a cold air mass
front
when 2 different air masses meet
air mass
a huge body of air with similar temp. and moisture from the reigion they form over.
