CDL Section 8 - Describing IP Networks Flashcards
What is a LAN?
What is a WAN?
LAN - Local Area Network; network of computers and other components that are located relatively close together in a limited area
WAN - Wide Area Network; communication occurs between geographically separated areas and is typically provided by different telecommunication providers using various technologies that use different media, such as fiber, copper, cable, asymmetric DSL (ADSL), or wireless links
What is a MAC Address composed of?
12 x Hexadecimal numbers
48 bits
What is an IPv4 address composed of?
The address is comprised of 4 x sets of 8 x bits aka 4 x Octets
Contains two parts:
1. Network - uniquely identifies the network in which the device with this IPv4 address resides
- Host - uniquely identifies a device on a given IPv4 network
What is a Subnet Mask?
A 32-bit number that describes which portion of an IPv4 address refers to the network ID and which part refers to the host ID.
How many address classes are in IPv4?
3:
Class A - very large networks
- 16M+ hosts
- /8 (2 x octets for network and 2 for host)
Class B - moderate sized network
- 65K hosts
- /12 (3 x octets for network and 1 for host)
Class C - small networks
- 254 hosts
- /16 (last bit is used for the host)
What is an IPv6 address composed of?
8 x 16-bit Hextets = 8 x groups, of 16 x bits… as opposed to IPv4 which has 4 x octets = way more address space
There is no concept of PRIVATE and PUBLIC with IPv6 and no concept of BROADCAST because there is 340 trillion, trillion, trillion addresses available.
What is Session Multiplexing?
How are different app processes identified?
The process by which an IP host is able to support multiple sessions simultaneously and manage the individual traffic streams over a single link.
→ Each application process that needs to access the network is assigned a port number that is unique in that host
○ EX) Port 80 is HTTP, port 443 is HTTPS, port 53 is DNS, etc.
What is an ARP Request?
What layer does it operate at?
The process of binding or mapping the IPv4 address of a remote device to its MAC address.
This is a Layer 2 protocol.
It sends a broadcast message to all devices on the LAN and waits for a response, to which the client responds with it’s MAC address, and the switch caches this binding in the ARP Cache.
What are the 3 functional planes that network device processes can be broken into?
Management plane - management functions
Control plane - protocols, processes
Data plane - packet forwarding
