CDI

Question 1

Is the means, sanctioned by these rules, of ascertaining in a judicial proceeding and truth respecting a matter of fact

Answer 1

Evidence

Question 2

Any material which tend to persuade the court of the truth or probability of some facts asserted before it or the means by which any alleged matter of fact, the truth of which is submitted to investigation, is established to disproved

Answer 2

Evidence

Question 3

Does not mean such degree of proof as, excluding possibility or terror, produces absolute certainty.

Moral certainty only is required or the degree of proof which produces convection in an unprejudiced mind

Answer 3

Proof beyond reasonable doubt

Question 4

More than one circumstances
Facts from which inferences are derived are proven
Combination of all circumstances such as to produce convection beyond reasonable doubt

Answer 4

Circumstantial evidence to sustain convection

Question 5

That amount of relevant evidence which the reasonable mind might accept as adequate to justify a conclusion

Answer 5

Substantial evidence

Question 6

kind of physical evidence which are objects/substances which are essential parts of the body of the crime

Answer 6

Corpus delicti

Question 7

Kinds of physical evidence which links the suspect to the crime scene or offense such as fingerprint and shoe prints

Answer 7

Associative evidence

Question 8

Kind of physical evidence such as article which assist the investigation in locating the suspects such as id and other personal documents

Answer 8

Tracing evidence

Question 9

Kind of physical evidence which identification is being established and directly by proving other facts or circumstances from which, either alone or in connection with other facts

Answer 9

Circumstantial evidence

Question 10

Directly addressed to the senses of the court and consist of tangible things inhabited or demonstrated and open court.

Answer 10

Object( real)

Question 11

Evidence supplied by written instruments are derived from conventional symbols, such as letter, by which ideas are presented on material substances

Answer 11

Documentary

Question 12

Which are submitted to the court through the testimony or deposition of a witness

Answer 12

Testimonial

Question 13

Evidence having any value in reason as tending to prove any matter probable in an action

Answer 13

Relevant

Question 14

Logical relation of evidentiary fact to fact in issue

Answer 14

Relevancy

Question 15

Evidence directed to prove a fact in issue

Answer 15

Material

Question 16

One that is not excluded by law and particular case

Answer 16

Competent

Question 17

That which proves the fact and dispute without the aid of any inference or presumption

Answer 17

Direct

Question 18

The proof of the facts other than the fact and issue from which, taken in either singly or collectively, the existence of the particular fact and dispute may be inferred as a necessary or probable consequence

Answer 18

Circumstantial

Question 19

Evidence of the same kind and to the same state of facts

Answer 19

Cumulative

Question 20

Additional evidence of a different character to the same point for higher prorative value

Answer 20

Corroborative

Question 21

That which standing alone, unexplained or uncontradicted is sufficient to maintain a proposition

Answer 21

Prima facie

Question 22

Class of evidence which the law does not allowed to be contradicted

Answer 22

Conclusive

Question 23

That which the law regards as affording greatest certainty of the facts and question

Answer 23

Primary or best

Question 24

That which is inferior to the primary evidence and is permitted by law only when the best evidence is not available

Answer 24

Secondary or substitutionary

Question 25

The witness affirms that affect did or did not occur

Answer 25

Positive

Question 26

The witness states that he did not see or know of the occurrence of a fact

Answer 26

Negative

Question 27

Knowledge or facts which the investigator had gathered or acquired from person or documents which are pertinent or relevant concerning the commission of the crime or criminal activities

Answer 27

Information

Question 28

The vigorous and confrontational questioning of a reluctant suspect about his participation in a crime. In aggressive manner, process obtain an admission or confession from those suspect

Answer 28

Interrogation

Question 29

Is the declaration of the accused acknowledging his guilt arising from the commission of the crime

Answer 29

Confession

Question 30

An acknowledgement of a fact or circumstances without accepting guilt

Answer 30

Admission

Question 31

Those made by the suspect during custodial investigation

Answer 31

Extrajudicial confession

Question 32

Those made by the accused in an offered court

Answer 32

Judicial confession

Question 33

The confession is voluntarily when the accused speaks of his free will and accord without inducement of any kind

Answer 33

Voluntary extrajudicial confession

Question 34

Confession obtained through force, threat, intimidation, duress or anything influencing the voluntary act of the confessor

Answer 34

Involuntary extra judicial confession

Question 35

Refers to the interrogator keep himself aware of the situation and he must observe and analyze the interrogee without his knowledge

Answer 35

Planning and preparation

Question 36

In this step keep in mind to gain rapport with the subject

Answer 36

Approach

Question 37

Considered as the hearth of the interrogation

Answer 37

Questioning

Question 38

Refers to the ending of the interrogation process should end in the friendly manner

Answer 38

Termination

Question 39

The end product of the interrogation

Answer 39

Reporting

Question 40

Technique used by the investigator, combining a skill of an actor and a psychologist addresses the suspect with emotional appeal to confess

Answer 40

Emotional appeal

Question 41

Investigator in preliminary or proving question was dig deep into the past trouble light and unfortunate events in the life of suspect

Answer 41

Sympathetic approach

Question 42

A friendly approach coupled with a posture of sincerity may induced the suspect to confess

Answer 42

Friendliness

Question 43

The investigator displays a stern personality toward the suspect by using the jolting and opportunity to lie method

Answer 43

Stern approach

Question 44

The investigator selects the right moment to shout a pertinent question in an apparent righteous outrage

Answer 44

Jolting

Question 45

Mutt and jeff or sweet are sour method

Answer 45

First investigator appear rough mean and dangerous second investigator is empathetic and understanding

Question 46

Removing the ethnic or cultural barrier

Answer 46

Suspect is gadang a gaddang investigator and the same should integrate him

Question 47

It is the use of reasons which is acceptable to the subject that lead to the commission of the crime

Answer 47

Rationalization

Question 48

Process of putting the blame to other person not alone to the subject

Answer 48

Projection

Question 49

It is the act of minimizing the culpability of the suspect

Answer 49

Minimization

Question 50

Accused alone is brought face to face with the witness for identification

Answer 50

Show apps

Question 51

Where photographs are shown to the witness for identification

Answer 51

Mugshot

Question 52

Where a witness identifies the suspect from a group of person lined up for the purpose

Answer 52

Lineups

Question 53

Sometimes called criminalistic

Answer 53

Instrumentation

Question 54

It is the process of applying instrument of tools of the police sciences in criminal investigation and detection

Answer 54

Instrumentation

Question 55

Is the scientific method of detecting deception using an instrument called polygraph

Answer 55

Polygraphy or polygraph science

Question 56

A scientific instrument that simultaneously record the changes and physiological processes of the human body and capable of recording internal bodily changes

Answer 56

Polygraph

Question 57

Refers to the person to be examined or usually a suspected criminal

Answer 57

Subject

Question 58

First stage of polygraph examination whereby the subject is informed about the nature of the examination including his right in relation to the examination or condition to take the test

Answer 58

Pre test interview

Question 59

Is the study of general techniques of photographing the crime scene physical evidences and other circumstances that can be used for law enforcement purposes

Answer 59

Police photography

Question 60

The field covering the legal application of photography in criminal jurisprudence and criminal investigation

Answer 60

Forensic photography

Question 61

Process of photographing minute object when magnified by means of the microscope

Answer 61

Photo micrography

Question 62

Involves the process of photographing objects that are directly in large at the negative and magnified up to nine times only

Answer 62

Photo macrography

Question 63

Involves the process of photographing and recording internal structures of the human body

Answer 63

X-ray photography

Question 64

Branch of medicine which deals with the application of medical knowledge to the purpose of law and justice

Answer 64

Legal medicine

Question 65

Branch of medical science which deals with the application of medical knowledge to elucidate legal problems

Answer 65

Forensic medicine

Question 66

The opinion of the witness regarding a question of a science art or trade where he is killed there in maybe received in evidence

Answer 66

Expert witness

Question 67

All persons having organs of sense can perceive the perceiving can make known their perception to others may be witnesses

Answer 67

Ordinary witness

Question 68

The muscles are relaxed and capable of contracting when simulated

Answer 68

Stage of primary flaccidity or muscular irritability

Question 69

The whole body becomes rigid due to the contraction of the muscle

Answer 69

Stage of rigor mortis

Question 70

The muscle becomes flaccid no longer capable of responding to mechanical to electrical stimulus and the reaction becomes alkaline

Answer 70

Stage of secondary fluidity or decay muscle

Question 71

Came from a greek word autopsia meaning sing with your own eyes

Answer 71

Autopsy

Question 72

Sometimes called medico legal examination. Is the process by which the pathologies or the medical legal officer conducts an examination on a cadaver to determine the exact cause of death

Answer 72

Autopsy

Question 73

Process of examination conducted by a medico legal officer to the cadaver of person at the crime scene to find out facts that may lead to reasons of death

Answer 73

Postmortem examination

Question 74

Defined as the application of chemical principle in the examination of physical evidence and solution to problems that arise in connection with administration of justice

Answer 74

Forensic chemistry

Question 75

Is a hybrid of analytical chemistry and fundamental toxicology principle

Answer 75

Forensic toxicology

Question 76

Refers to the science of investigation and identification of firearms and ammunition used in crimes

Answer 76

Forensic ballistic

Question 77

Branch of science that deals with the study of the motion and projectile are simply the signs of firearms identification

Answer 77

Ballistic

Question 78

Is the study of classification of fingerprints as means of identification

Answer 78

Dactyloscopy

Question 79

Is the most positive means of personal identification

Answer 79

Signs of fingerprints or dactyloscopy

Question 80

It is the reproduction of pattern or design formed by the ridges or smooth surface of the end joint by the finger or thumb through medium or of ink or any coloring substance capable of producing visibility

Answer 80

Fingerprints as an impression

Question 81

Is any material which contain mark symbol or signs either visible partially visible or invisible that may presently or ultimately convey a meaning or message to someone

Answer 81

Document

Question 82

Any document about which some issues has been raised or under scrutiny with respect to its genuineness and its origin

Answer 82

Question document

Question 83

Refers to any document completely designed and written by one person

Answer 83

Holographic document

Question 84

Refers to the study of handwriting to determine one personality trait

Answer 84

Graphology

Question 85

Knowledge or facts investigator gathered or acquired from persons or document

Answer 85

Information

Question 86

Knowledge or facts investigator gathered or acquired from persons or document

Answer 86

Information

Question 87

Being aware of an existence of facts

Answer 87

Attention

Question 88

Understanding fact of awareness

Answer 88

Perception