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Prefinal > CDI > Flashcards

CDI Flashcards

1
Q

Is the means, sanctioned by these rules, of ascertaining in a judicial proceeding and truth respecting a matter of fact

A

Evidence

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2
Q

Any material which tend to persuade the court of the truth or probability of some facts asserted before it or the means by which any alleged matter of fact, the truth of which is submitted to investigation, is established to disproved

A

Evidence

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3
Q

Does not mean such degree of proof as, excluding possibility or terror, produces absolute certainty.

Moral certainty only is required or the degree of proof which produces convection in an unprejudiced mind

A

Proof beyond reasonable doubt

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4
Q

More than one circumstances
Facts from which inferences are derived are proven
Combination of all circumstances such as to produce convection beyond reasonable doubt

A

Circumstantial evidence to sustain convection

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5
Q

That amount of relevant evidence which the reasonable mind might accept as adequate to justify a conclusion

A

Substantial evidence

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6
Q

kind of physical evidence which are objects/substances which are essential parts of the body of the crime

A

Corpus delicti

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7
Q

Kinds of physical evidence which links the suspect to the crime scene or offense such as fingerprint and shoe prints

A

Associative evidence

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8
Q

Kind of physical evidence such as article which assist the investigation in locating the suspects such as id and other personal documents

A

Tracing evidence

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9
Q

Kind of physical evidence which identification is being established and directly by proving other facts or circumstances from which, either alone or in connection with other facts

A

Circumstantial evidence

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10
Q

Directly addressed to the senses of the court and consist of tangible things inhabited or demonstrated and open court.

A

Object( real)

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11
Q

Evidence supplied by written instruments are derived from conventional symbols, such as letter, by which ideas are presented on material substances

A

Documentary

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12
Q

Which are submitted to the court through the testimony or deposition of a witness

A

Testimonial

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13
Q

Evidence having any value in reason as tending to prove any matter probable in an action

A

Relevant

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14
Q

Logical relation of evidentiary fact to fact in issue

A

Relevancy

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15
Q

Evidence directed to prove a fact in issue

A

Material

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16
Q

One that is not excluded by law and particular case

A

Competent

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17
Q

That which proves the fact and dispute without the aid of any inference or presumption

A

Direct

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18
Q

The proof of the facts other than the fact and issue from which, taken in either singly or collectively, the existence of the particular fact and dispute may be inferred as a necessary or probable consequence

A

Circumstantial

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19
Q

Evidence of the same kind and to the same state of facts

A

Cumulative

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20
Q

Additional evidence of a different character to the same point for higher prorative value

A

Corroborative

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21
Q

That which standing alone, unexplained or uncontradicted is sufficient to maintain a proposition

A

Prima facie

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22
Q

Class of evidence which the law does not allowed to be contradicted

A

Conclusive

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23
Q

That which the law regards as affording greatest certainty of the facts and question

A

Primary or best

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24
Q

That which is inferior to the primary evidence and is permitted by law only when the best evidence is not available

A

Secondary or substitutionary

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25
Q

The witness affirms that affect did or did not occur

A

Positive

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26
Q

The witness states that he did not see or know of the occurrence of a fact

A

Negative

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27
Q

Knowledge or facts which the investigator had gathered or acquired from person or documents which are pertinent or relevant concerning the commission of the crime or criminal activities

A

Information

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28
Q

The vigorous and confrontational questioning of a reluctant suspect about his participation in a crime. In aggressive manner, process obtain an admission or confession from those suspect

A

Interrogation

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29
Q

Is the declaration of the accused acknowledging his guilt arising from the commission of the crime

A

Confession

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30
Q

An acknowledgement of a fact or circumstances without accepting guilt

A

Admission

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31
Q

Those made by the suspect during custodial investigation

A

Extrajudicial confession

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32
Q

Those made by the accused in an offered court

A

Judicial confession

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33
Q

The confession is voluntarily when the accused speaks of his free will and accord without inducement of any kind

A

Voluntary extrajudicial confession

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34
Q

Confession obtained through force, threat, intimidation, duress or anything influencing the voluntary act of the confessor

A

Involuntary extra judicial confession

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35
Q

Refers to the interrogator keep himself aware of the situation and he must observe and analyze the interrogee without his knowledge

A

Planning and preparation

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36
Q

In this step keep in mind to gain rapport with the subject

A

Approach

37
Q

Considered as the hearth of the interrogation

A

Questioning

38
Q

Refers to the ending of the interrogation process should end in the friendly manner

A

Termination

39
Q

The end product of the interrogation

A

Reporting

40
Q

Technique used by the investigator, combining a skill of an actor and a psychologist addresses the suspect with emotional appeal to confess

A

Emotional appeal

41
Q

Investigator in preliminary or proving question was dig deep into the past trouble light and unfortunate events in the life of suspect

A

Sympathetic approach

42
Q

A friendly approach coupled with a posture of sincerity may induced the suspect to confess

A

Friendliness

43
Q

The investigator displays a stern personality toward the suspect by using the jolting and opportunity to lie method

A

Stern approach

44
Q

The investigator selects the right moment to shout a pertinent question in an apparent righteous outrage

A

Jolting

45
Q

Mutt and jeff or sweet are sour method

A

First investigator appear rough mean and dangerous second investigator is empathetic and understanding

46
Q

Removing the ethnic or cultural barrier

A

Suspect is gadang a gaddang investigator and the same should integrate him

47
Q

It is the use of reasons which is acceptable to the subject that lead to the commission of the crime

A

Rationalization

48
Q

Process of putting the blame to other person not alone to the subject

A

Projection

49
Q

It is the act of minimizing the culpability of the suspect

A

Minimization

50
Q

Accused alone is brought face to face with the witness for identification

A

Show apps

51
Q

Where photographs are shown to the witness for identification

A

Mugshot

52
Q

Where a witness identifies the suspect from a group of person lined up for the purpose

A

Lineups

53
Q

Sometimes called criminalistic

A

Instrumentation

54
Q

It is the process of applying instrument of tools of the police sciences in criminal investigation and detection

A

Instrumentation

55
Q

Is the scientific method of detecting deception using an instrument called polygraph

A

Polygraphy or polygraph science

56
Q

A scientific instrument that simultaneously record the changes and physiological processes of the human body and capable of recording internal bodily changes

A

Polygraph

57
Q

Refers to the person to be examined or usually a suspected criminal

A

Subject

58
Q

First stage of polygraph examination whereby the subject is informed about the nature of the examination including his right in relation to the examination or condition to take the test

A

Pre test interview

59
Q

Is the study of general techniques of photographing the crime scene physical evidences and other circumstances that can be used for law enforcement purposes

A

Police photography

60
Q

The field covering the legal application of photography in criminal jurisprudence and criminal investigation

A

Forensic photography

61
Q

Process of photographing minute object when magnified by means of the microscope

A

Photo micrography

62
Q

Involves the process of photographing objects that are directly in large at the negative and magnified up to nine times only

A

Photo macrography

63
Q

Involves the process of photographing and recording internal structures of the human body

A

X-ray photography

64
Q

Branch of medicine which deals with the application of medical knowledge to the purpose of law and justice

A

Legal medicine

65
Q

Branch of medical science which deals with the application of medical knowledge to elucidate legal problems

A

Forensic medicine

66
Q

The opinion of the witness regarding a question of a science art or trade where he is killed there in maybe received in evidence

A

Expert witness

67
Q

All persons having organs of sense can perceive the perceiving can make known their perception to others may be witnesses

A

Ordinary witness

68
Q

The muscles are relaxed and capable of contracting when simulated

A

Stage of primary flaccidity or muscular irritability

69
Q

The whole body becomes rigid due to the contraction of the muscle

A

Stage of rigor mortis

70
Q

The muscle becomes flaccid no longer capable of responding to mechanical to electrical stimulus and the reaction becomes alkaline

A

Stage of secondary fluidity or decay muscle

71
Q

Came from a greek word autopsia meaning sing with your own eyes

A

Autopsy

72
Q

Sometimes called medico legal examination. Is the process by which the pathologies or the medical legal officer conducts an examination on a cadaver to determine the exact cause of death

A

Autopsy

73
Q

Process of examination conducted by a medico legal officer to the cadaver of person at the crime scene to find out facts that may lead to reasons of death

A

Postmortem examination

74
Q

Defined as the application of chemical principle in the examination of physical evidence and solution to problems that arise in connection with administration of justice

A

Forensic chemistry

75
Q

Is a hybrid of analytical chemistry and fundamental toxicology principle

A

Forensic toxicology

76
Q

Refers to the science of investigation and identification of firearms and ammunition used in crimes

A

Forensic ballistic

77
Q

Branch of science that deals with the study of the motion and projectile are simply the signs of firearms identification

A

Ballistic

78
Q

Is the study of classification of fingerprints as means of identification

A

Dactyloscopy

79
Q

Is the most positive means of personal identification

A

Signs of fingerprints or dactyloscopy

80
Q

It is the reproduction of pattern or design formed by the ridges or smooth surface of the end joint by the finger or thumb through medium or of ink or any coloring substance capable of producing visibility

A

Fingerprints as an impression

81
Q

Is any material which contain mark symbol or signs either visible partially visible or invisible that may presently or ultimately convey a meaning or message to someone

A

Document

82
Q

Any document about which some issues has been raised or under scrutiny with respect to its genuineness and its origin

A

Question document

83
Q

Refers to any document completely designed and written by one person

A

Holographic document

84
Q

Refers to the study of handwriting to determine one personality trait

A

Graphology

85
Q

Knowledge or facts investigator gathered or acquired from persons or document

A

Information

86
Q

Knowledge or facts investigator gathered or acquired from persons or document

A

Information

87
Q

Being aware of an existence of facts

A

Attention

88
Q

Understanding fact of awareness

A

Perception

Prefinal (5 decks)

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