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FFA Livestock Judging > CDE Test > Flashcards

CDE Test Flashcards

1
Q

Corn is deficient in what essential amino acid for swine?

A

Lysine

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2
Q

The practice of feeding a ration for ten days to two weeks before breeding and two weeks after breeding that causes a ewe to gain rapidly is know as:

A

Flushing

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3
Q

The type of muscle composing most of the meat (flesh) in farm animals:

A

Striated involuntary

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4
Q

The most important consideration for breeding yearling heifers:

A

size

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5
Q

Which type of breeding system can produce hardier, vigorous lambs with more rapid gains?

A

Crossbreeeding

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6
Q

US No. 1 swine carcasses have and average backfat thickness of

A

less than 1.00

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7
Q

Which class of sheep is noted for producing a fleece, medium in in firmness and in length

A

medium wool breeds

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8
Q

This breed of swine originated from the eastern United States and is known for its growth rate and feed conversion efficiency.

A

Duroc

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9
Q

Which breed of swine introduced the Napole gene which is responsible for excess acid and can negatively effect meat quality?

A

Pietrain

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10
Q

Breed of cattle originating from Switzerland and known and known for being docile, having rapid growth and thick muscling

A

Simmental

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11
Q

This disease is a chronic infection of cattle that causes a thickening of the wall of the intestine

A

Johne’s disease

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12
Q

The This is the largest compartment of a ruminant stomach:

A

Rumen

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13
Q

Which of the following is called the true stomach of a ruminant?

A

Abomasum

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14
Q

Most food nutrients used by the animal are absorbed from the

A

small intestine

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15
Q

What organ in the animal’s body produces bile

A

liver

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16
Q

What are the main energy nutrients found in animal rations?

A

carbohydrates

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17
Q

The lowest level of response to the use of antibiotics in swine feeding is during the

A

finishing stage

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18
Q

Which hormone implant has been approved for use with feedlot lambs?

A

Ralgo

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19
Q

What breed of beef cattle is the leader in total number registered since 1970 in the US?

A

Angus

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20
Q

The first pure breed of beef cattle imported to the US (Virginia) in 1783 were the:

A

Shorhorn

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21
Q

Which breed has the highest standard birth weights used in performance testing programs

A

Charolais

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22
Q

When judging a market class of beef cattle the term referring to the natural fleshing of the animal is

A

muscling

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23
Q

Feeding programs for beef cow-calf herds are based on the use of:

A

Roughages

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24
Q

What type of identification is commonly used, especially with large herds, and required by law in most western states?

A

branding

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25
Q

Which is NOT one of the main minerals needed in rations for finishing cattle

a. Salt
b. Phosphorus
c. copper
d. Calcium

A

C. Copper

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26
Q

Which disease often causes cattle to abort during the last half of pregnancy?

A

Brucellosis

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27
Q

What disease is carried b insects and affects the eyes of cattle?

A

pinkeye

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28
Q

A nutritional problem where rapid fermentation in the rumen, causing too much gas being produced is called:

A

bloat

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29
Q

Which pure breed of swine, developed int he early 1700s, was the first to be imported to the United States?

A

Berkshire

30
Q

Which is the most important nutrient in hog rations?

A

Water

31
Q

The time during which and animal is pregnant is:

A

gestation

32
Q

Whit is the period of time when a female will accept the male for breeding?

A

estrus

33
Q

What common swine disease, caused by bacteria, affects the turbinate bones located in the snout?

A

Atrophic Rhinitis

34
Q

Anemia is a condition affecting mainly baby pigs due to a diet deficient in:

A

iron

35
Q

The sudden death of heavily muscled hogs is referred to as

A

Porcine Stress Syndrome

36
Q

The American Merino breed of sheep is classified as a :

A

Fine wool bread

37
Q

Which breed of sheep was developed in France?

A

Rambouillet

38
Q

Back fat of lambs should measure 0.15 to 0.20 inches at the:

A

12th rib

39
Q

The gestation time for sheep is:

A

148 days

40
Q

Which of the quality grades is used for lambs and yearlings, but not for slaughter sheep?

A

prime

41
Q

Swine were first domesticated around 4900 BC by the:

A

Chinese

42
Q

Which bone is a part of the pelvic limb in the skeletal system of livestock?

A

Tibia

43
Q

Vertebra bones are classified as :

A

Irregular

44
Q

The bones in the front legs of an animal make up the:

A

Pectoral limbs

45
Q

Air is drawn into the respiratory system through the

A

notrils

46
Q

The kidneys and bladder are major components of the:

A

urinary system

47
Q

The digestive system in swine begins with the

A

mouth

48
Q

In cattle and sheep, the rumen and reticulum make up what percent of the stomach>

A

85%

49
Q

The key to absorbtion is the small finger-like projections on the walls of the small intestine called:

A

villi

50
Q

Feed nutrient made of sugars and starches are:

A

Simple carbohydrates

51
Q

Which feed nutrients have the highest energy value?

A

Fats

52
Q

Which feed nutrient is the most important on a daily basis for livestock?

A

Water

53
Q

Livestock feeds that contain more tan 18% crude fiber when dry are called:

A

Roughages

54
Q

Protein supplements are livestock feeds containing what percent proteins:

A

20% or more

55
Q

A ration that tastes good to an animal which promotes consumption, is said to be:

A

Palatable

56
Q

The primary use of the nutrients in a ration for livestock is

A

Maintanance

57
Q

A maintenance ration for beef cattle is primarily:

A

roughages

58
Q

The diploid number (number of pairs of chromosomes) for swine is:

A

19

59
Q

What occurs when a sperm cell from the male reaches and egg cell from the female?

A

fertilization

60
Q

The characteristics of an animal that are inheritable are passed from one generation to the next by:

A

Genes

61
Q

The average length of the estrus cycle for sheep is:

A

16 days

62
Q

The first successful cloning of livestock was done in 1996 with:

A

sheep

63
Q

The mating of animals of different families within the same breed is:

A

Outcrossing

64
Q

The typical market hog will produce a carcass weighing:

A

184 pounds

65
Q

According to the Nation Pork Producers Council, the goal for ideal market hogs is to have a minimum loin muscle area of:

A

6.5 square inches

66
Q

A visual evaluation of the amount of muscle on a hog is best seen by looking at which view of the hog?

A

rear

67
Q

Which classes of sheep are bred primarily for meat?

A

medium wool breeds

68
Q

Sheep are a major livestock enterprise in which area of the United States?

A

Western range

69
Q

The section of the vertebra that makes up the neck in cattle, swine, or sheep is the:

A

cervical vertebrae

70
Q

The “Femur” is classified as what type of bone?

A

long

FFA Livestock Judging (2 decks)

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