Cdc 1 Flashcards
A group of several organs that work together to produce an action that cannot be achieved by an individual organ functioning alone is called a
System
What are the two main cavities found in the axial division of the body?
Ventral and Dorsal cavities
The region of the abdomen that lies immediately superior to the umbilical region is called the…
Epigastric region
Which regions of the abdomen are commonly referred to as the right and left upper quadrants?
Right and left hypochondriac regions.
A plane that splits the body lengthwise along the midline into two equal halves is known as a…
Median plane
Which plane divides the body or a body part into superior and inferior segments?
Transverse plane
The region of a cell that contains its genetic material and directs all cellular activity is the…
Nucleus
Which process for moving substances across a cell membrane is a physiological method and requires the cell to expend energy?
Exocytosis
What term means “a state of balance” and is sometimes used interchangeably with the word
“equilibrium”?
Homeostasis
The surface of epithelial tissue connected to underlying structures is usually anchored by…
Basement membrane
Epithelial tissues classified by the shape of their cells may fall into all these categories except…
Striated
What type of tissue comprises the outer layers of the skin?
Epithelial
Which type of tissue is cartilage?
Connective
The connective tissue that stores fat, protects organs, and helps insulate the body is…
Adipose tissue
What property of muscle tissue creates movement in the body?
Contractility
What type of muscle is controlled by the involuntary nervous system and helps form the internal organs?
Smooth
What type of muscle is controlled by the voluntary nervous system and helps move the head, arms, legs, and other body structures.
Striated
The layer of a serous membrane that contacts and covers the organs of the body is called the…
Visceral layer
What type of membrane lines the cavities and passageways of the body that have openings to the outside?
Mucous
What type of membrane lines the ends of bones in freely movable joints?
Synovial
Glands that have no ducts and secrete substances directly into the bloodstream or tissue fluid are called…
Endocrine glands
Sweat galands are…
Exocrine glands
How many layers does the dermis have?
Two
The skin performs all these functions in the human body except…
Creating movement
Hair is formed from the germinal matrix at the base of a tube-like projection in the skin called…
Follicle
Germinal cells that reproduce to create new nail cells are produced in a half-moon-shaped area under the nail called the…
Lunula
What fibrous membrane bone structure contains the blood vessels that nourish the bone and the osteoblasts that generate bone tissue?
Periosteum
The end of a long bone is called…
An epiphysis
A projection of long bone that functions as an articulation point with another bone is a…
Condyle
All these are common functions of a bone except…
Lymph production
What are the bands of fibrous tissue that connect one bone to another called?
Ligaments
Pads of fibrous cartilage found in the joint cavity of some joints that act as shock absorbers or cushions are called…
Menisci
The three bones of the middle ear are called…
Ossicles
Which facial bone forms the jawbone and is the largest and strongest bone in the face?
Mandible
Which bone is not directly attached to any other bone?
Hyoid
The bone that forms the thumb side of the forearm is the…
Radius
The bones that form the palm of the hand are called…
Metacarpals
Which bone is not a component of the coxal (innominate) bone?
Coccyx
What bone is the larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg?
Tibia
The bones that form the ankle and part of the arch of the foot are called the…
Tarsals
The proximal, widest, and least movable part of the muscle is the…
Origin
Muscles are generally attached to bones by…
Tendons
The type of nerve cell that stimulates muscles to contract is known as a…
Motor neuron
Most skeletal muscles in the body contain…
both red and white muscle fibers.
Muscles that are weak and lack good tone are called…
Flaccid
What types of muscles pull a bone or body part away from the body’s midline?
Abductors
A circular muscle that reduces the diameter of an opening in the body is called a…
Sphincter
The sternocleidomastoid muscles are responsible for…
Flexing and rotating the head
What is the primary chewing, or mastication, muscle?
Masseter
What is the name of the thick, fan-shaped muscle located on the upper part of the anteri chest that helps draw the body upward when climbing?
Pectoralis major
What is the primary muscle of respiration?
Diaphragm
Which muscle lies just below the external oblique in the anterior abdominal wall?
Internal oblique
One of the main muscles that forms the base or floor of the pelvis is the…
Levator ani
Which muscle extends the forearm at the elbow?
Triceps brachii
Which muscle is the longest muscle in the body and enables you to sit cross-legged?
Sartorius
When muscles turn the sole of the foot towards the midline of the body, the foot is considered in…
Inversion
Which two muscles form the calf of the leg?
Gastrocnemius and soleus.
Which two muscles enable you to stand on your toes?
Gastrocnemius and soleus.
Most nerves in the body contain…
Both sensory and motor neurons
The sequence of neural processes that occur during a reflex response to sensory input is reception…
transmission, integration, and response.
The outermost layer of connective tissue covering the brain and spinal cord is the…
Dura mater
What is the second largest division of the adult brain?
Cerebellum
The spinal cord normally terminates between the first and second…
Lumbar vertebrae
What structure is inferior to the spinal cord and serves as the area used for spinal taps and spinal anesthesia induction?
Subarachnoid space
The number of pairs of cranial nerves that arise from the brain is…
12
Which cranial nerve relays impulses from the inner ear to the brain regarding equilibrium?
Auditory
Spinal nerves are named for the…
Level at which they leave the spinal cord and pass through the intervertebral foramina.
The branches the spinal nerves split into after leaving the spinal column are called…
Rami
A network of nerves is known as a…
Plexus
Sympathetic and parasympathetic terms describe divisions of the…
autonomic nervous system (ANS).
