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STech EOC II > Cdc 1 > Flashcards

Cdc 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A group of several organs that work together to produce an action that cannot be achieved by an individual organ functioning alone is called a

A

System

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2
Q

What are the two main cavities found in the axial division of the body?

A

Ventral and Dorsal cavities

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3
Q

The region of the abdomen that lies immediately superior to the umbilical region is called the…

A

Epigastric region

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4
Q

Which regions of the abdomen are commonly referred to as the right and left upper quadrants?

A

Right and left hypochondriac regions.

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5
Q

A plane that splits the body lengthwise along the midline into two equal halves is known as a…

A

Median plane

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6
Q

Which plane divides the body or a body part into superior and inferior segments?

A

Transverse plane

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7
Q

The region of a cell that contains its genetic material and directs all cellular activity is the…

A

Nucleus

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8
Q

Which process for moving substances across a cell membrane is a physiological method and requires the cell to expend energy?

A

Exocytosis

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9
Q

What term means “a state of balance” and is sometimes used interchangeably with the word
“equilibrium”?

A

Homeostasis

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10
Q

The surface of epithelial tissue connected to underlying structures is usually anchored by…

A

Basement membrane

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11
Q

Epithelial tissues classified by the shape of their cells may fall into all these categories except…

A

Striated

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12
Q

What type of tissue comprises the outer layers of the skin?

A

Epithelial

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13
Q

Which type of tissue is cartilage?

A

Connective

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14
Q

The connective tissue that stores fat, protects organs, and helps insulate the body is…

A

Adipose tissue

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15
Q

What property of muscle tissue creates movement in the body?

A

Contractility

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16
Q

What type of muscle is controlled by the involuntary nervous system and helps form the internal organs?

A

Smooth

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17
Q

What type of muscle is controlled by the voluntary nervous system and helps move the head, arms, legs, and other body structures.

A

Striated

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18
Q

The layer of a serous membrane that contacts and covers the organs of the body is called the…

A

Visceral layer

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19
Q

What type of membrane lines the cavities and passageways of the body that have openings to the outside?

A

Mucous

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20
Q

What type of membrane lines the ends of bones in freely movable joints?

A

Synovial

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21
Q

Glands that have no ducts and secrete substances directly into the bloodstream or tissue fluid are called…

A

Endocrine glands

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22
Q

Sweat galands are…

A

Exocrine glands

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23
Q

How many layers does the dermis have?

A

Two

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24
Q

The skin performs all these functions in the human body except…

A

Creating movement

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25
Q

Hair is formed from the germinal matrix at the base of a tube-like projection in the skin called…

A

Follicle

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26
Q

Germinal cells that reproduce to create new nail cells are produced in a half-moon-shaped area under the nail called the…

A

Lunula

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27
Q

What fibrous membrane bone structure contains the blood vessels that nourish the bone and the osteoblasts that generate bone tissue?

A

Periosteum

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28
Q

The end of a long bone is called…

A

An epiphysis

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29
Q

A projection of long bone that functions as an articulation point with another bone is a…

A

Condyle

30
Q

All these are common functions of a bone except…

A

Lymph production

31
Q

What are the bands of fibrous tissue that connect one bone to another called?

A

Ligaments

32
Q

Pads of fibrous cartilage found in the joint cavity of some joints that act as shock absorbers or cushions are called…

A

Menisci

33
Q

The three bones of the middle ear are called…

A

Ossicles

34
Q

Which facial bone forms the jawbone and is the largest and strongest bone in the face?

A

Mandible

35
Q

Which bone is not directly attached to any other bone?

A

Hyoid

36
Q

The bone that forms the thumb side of the forearm is the…

A

Radius

37
Q

The bones that form the palm of the hand are called…

A

Metacarpals

38
Q

Which bone is not a component of the coxal (innominate) bone?

A

Coccyx

39
Q

What bone is the larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg?

A

Tibia

40
Q

The bones that form the ankle and part of the arch of the foot are called the…

A

Tarsals

41
Q

The proximal, widest, and least movable part of the muscle is the…

A

Origin

42
Q

Muscles are generally attached to bones by…

A

Tendons

43
Q

The type of nerve cell that stimulates muscles to contract is known as a…

A

Motor neuron

44
Q

Most skeletal muscles in the body contain…

A

both red and white muscle fibers.

45
Q

Muscles that are weak and lack good tone are called…

A

Flaccid

46
Q

What types of muscles pull a bone or body part away from the body’s midline?

A

Abductors

47
Q

A circular muscle that reduces the diameter of an opening in the body is called a…

A

Sphincter

48
Q

The sternocleidomastoid muscles are responsible for…

A

Flexing and rotating the head

49
Q

What is the primary chewing, or mastication, muscle?

A

Masseter

50
Q

What is the name of the thick, fan-shaped muscle located on the upper part of the anteri chest that helps draw the body upward when climbing?

A

Pectoralis major

51
Q

What is the primary muscle of respiration?

A

Diaphragm

52
Q

Which muscle lies just below the external oblique in the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Internal oblique

53
Q

One of the main muscles that forms the base or floor of the pelvis is the…

A

Levator ani

54
Q

Which muscle extends the forearm at the elbow?

A

Triceps brachii

55
Q

Which muscle is the longest muscle in the body and enables you to sit cross-legged?

A

Sartorius

56
Q

When muscles turn the sole of the foot towards the midline of the body, the foot is considered in…

A

Inversion

57
Q

Which two muscles form the calf of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus.

58
Q

Which two muscles enable you to stand on your toes?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus.

59
Q

Most nerves in the body contain…

A

Both sensory and motor neurons

60
Q

The sequence of neural processes that occur during a reflex response to sensory input is reception…

A

transmission, integration, and response.

61
Q

The outermost layer of connective tissue covering the brain and spinal cord is the…

A

Dura mater

62
Q

What is the second largest division of the adult brain?

A

Cerebellum

63
Q

The spinal cord normally terminates between the first and second…

A

Lumbar vertebrae

64
Q

What structure is inferior to the spinal cord and serves as the area used for spinal taps and spinal anesthesia induction?

A

Subarachnoid space

65
Q

The number of pairs of cranial nerves that arise from the brain is…

A

12

66
Q

Which cranial nerve relays impulses from the inner ear to the brain regarding equilibrium?

A

Auditory

67
Q

Spinal nerves are named for the…

A

Level at which they leave the spinal cord and pass through the intervertebral foramina.

68
Q

The branches the spinal nerves split into after leaving the spinal column are called…

A

Rami

69
Q

A network of nerves is known as a…

A

Plexus

70
Q

Sympathetic and parasympathetic terms describe divisions of the…

A

autonomic nervous system (ANS).

STech EOC II (2 decks)

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