CD Unit 3 Flashcards
Bottle rot:
when a tooth or multiple teeth decay and create cavities caused by bacteria built up from sugary liquids that come from some milks and other beverages
Cephalocaudal:
refers to the development of an infant, wherein the development takes place at the top of the body and then gradually throughout the infant’s body
Colic
predictable periods of significant distress in an otherwise well-fed, health baby
Developmental milestones:
behaviors or physical skills see in children as they grow and develop
Fine motor skills:
the coordination of small muscles, such as those in the fingers and toes
Grasp reflex:
occurs if a person places a finger on the infant’s open palm; infants’ hand will close around the finger; seen at birth
Gross motor skills:
the coordination of large muscles, such as those in the arms and legs
Hand-eye coordination:
ability of the vision system to coordinate the information received through the eyes to control, guide, and direct the hands in the accomplishment of a given task
Height:
the measurement from the top of the head to sole of the foot
Immunizations:
when the body builds up an ability to fight off infections and diseases through vaccines or other exposure methods
Infant:
a child in the first year of life
Large muscles:
bigger muscles in the body such as legs, arms, back, and chest
.Moro reflex:
when an infant is startled or feels like they are falling, the infant will get a startled look, and fling arms out sideways with palms up and thumbs flexed; present at birth
Onesie:
infant one-piece close-fitting lightweight garment, usually having sleeves but leaving the legs uncovered and fastening with snaps at the crotch
Palmer grasp:
primitive, involuntary response to a mechanical stimulus present in a newborn; when an object is placed in the hand, newborns will press down on it with their fingers
Physical development:
the growth and development of both the brain and body; advancements and refinements of motor skills
Pincer grasp:
using the forefinger or middle finger and thumb to pinch or grasp an object
Proximodistal:
when children learn to move their heads, trunks, arms, and legs before learning to move their hands and feet
PURPLE cry:
use of the acronym PURPLE, which represents Peak of crying, Unexpected, Resists soothing, Pain-like face, Long lasting, and Evening, to describe a phase of uncontrollable infant crying (PURPLE handout from Rocky Hill Pediatrics)
Reflex:
a type of involuntary response to stimulation
Rooting reflex:
when an infant’s cheek is stroked, they will turn toward the side that was stroked and begin to make sucking motions, seen at birth
Shaken baby syndrome:
when the infant’s brain is severely injured due to being shaken
Snaps
lightweight, easy-to-use closure; 2 metal parts that click together to hold two pieces of clothing together
Sponge bath:
an all over washing done with a wet sponge or washcloth rather than in a bathtub or shower while the baby is on a towel, or baby bathtub
Sucking reflex:
when the roof of an infants mouth is touched, he/she will instinctively begin sucking; paired with the rooting reflex, seen at birth
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS):
the sudden death of a baby younger than one year old where the cause cannot be explained
Suffocation:
death caused by not having enough oxygen
Teething:
the process of the teeth coming through the gums
Tonic neck:
when the head of an infant lying face up is turned to one side; the arm on the side where the head is facing reaches away from the body with the hand partly open and the opposite arm bends up at the elbow; seen at birth
Walking reflex:
infant appears o take steps or dance when held upright with his/her feet touching solid surface; seen at birth
Wean
when infants start to consume foods other than their mother’s milk
Weight
the body mass of a child; can be measured in ounces and pounds, or grams and kilograms
Grasp
an act of taking, holding, or seizing firmly with the hand
Growth
increases in height and weight
Guidance
providing advice to solve a problem so children can learn from their mistake
Height
the measurement from base to top or from head to foot
Hygiene
practices to preserve health, such as, bathing, brushing teeth, and washing hair
Jean Piaget:
the creator of a cognitive development theory that suggests children move through four different stages of mental development
Milestone
a significant stage in life that influences the progress of a person
Physical care:
basic nutrition, hydration, and the providing of routine care for a child
Posture:
the way in which the body is positioned when sitting or standing
Proportion:
a part considered in comparative relation to a whole
Sphincter muscle:
the muscles in the bowel and bladder that regulate elimination
Toddler
a young child between one and three years old
Weight
the body mass of a child at each doctor’s visit when being weighed; can be measured in ounces and pounds, or grams and kilograms
Coordination
using different parts of the body together to complete a task
Dental habits:
practices that help promote good oral hygiene, including brushing your teeth, eating healthy, flossing, using fluoride, and visiting the dentist regularly
Enuresis
involuntary urination, especially by children at night
Permanent teeth:
the teeth that replace temporary baby teeth
Posture:
the way in which the body is positioned when sitting or standing
Preschooler
a child from three to five years old
Self-feeding:
independently providing food using fine motor skills and utensils for support
Antiseptic
also known as skin disinfectants, are chemicals for cleaning the skin and wounds that can kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms
Childproofing
the act of making an environment or object safe for children
Emetic
any agent that causes vomiting
Ipecac
used to cause vomiting after suspected poisoning
